Risk-limiting audits for score voting systems

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Devisti Hamid; Hadian Massoud

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Journal Paper

Paper Information

Journal: Journal of Discrete Mathematics and its Applications Year:2025 | Volume:10 | Issue:2 Page(s): 207-221

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Information Journal Paper

Title

Risk-limiting audits for score voting systems

Author(s)

Devisti Hamid | Hadian Massoud | Issue Writer Certificate

Keywords

BRAVO method

Fair voting

SPRT method

Abstract

Several voting systems are utilized to allocate both political and non-political positions across countries worldwide. Plurality voting and approval voting are among the most widely implemented electoral systems. Established statistical methods are employedto ensure the accuracy of vote counting and the validation of election results. Two fundamental approaches that significantly enhance the likelihood of identifying errors in election outcomes are Risk-limiting audit (RLA) and Bayesian audit (BA). These audit methods assess the security of elections using statistical tools, based on the random selection of castvotes and their interpretation as evidence supporting or contradicting the reported results. In this paper, we first examine the advantages of a specific form of approval voting, referred to as score voting, and then describe two types of risk-limiting audits to evaluate the accuracy of vote counting and the results. The proposed auditing method for score voting is adapted from the Ballot-polling risk-limiting audits to verify outcomes (BRAVO). Simulation results confirm the effectiveness and accuracy of our approach.

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