RECOGNITION OF SECONDARY STRUCTURE OF IRANIAN CITIES IN QAJAR PERIOD

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AHARI ZAHRA

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Paper Information

Journal: Honarhaye Ziba- Honarhaye Memari va SHahrsazi Year:2015 | Volume:20 | Issue:2 Page(s): 23-34

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Information Journal Paper

Title

RECOGNITION OF SECONDARY STRUCTURE OF IRANIAN CITIES IN QAJAR PERIOD

Author(s)

AHARI ZAHRA | Issue Writer Certificate

Keywords

QAJARQ2

IRANIAN CITYQ2

SECONDARY STRUCTUREQ1

MUHARRAMQ2

MOURNINGQ2

TAKYAHQ2

Abstract

Basic structure of Iranian cities preserved its past form in QAJAR Period. It constituted of main axis which led from gates to the center of the city and city elements and spaces (mosque, madraseh, Bazaar, caravanserai, square, Bazarcheh, etc.) gathered along them. It was a form remaining from Safavid period which its extensions were the continuation of the former one. The characteristic of QAJAR period was the growth in influence of Shiite religion. Increase in religious emotions gave form to a structure in Iranian cities which comprised of places (especially TAKYAH, Husayniyyah) and paths linking them with each other. These were the places for the most important social event of this time; MUHARRAM MOURNING. In MUHARRAM and Safar (The months of MOURNING in Shiite religion) people gathered in these places and mourned. Taazieh was a dramatic theatre performed in TAKYAH and at first was specific to these rituals. People had also MOURNING processions in the alleys which led from one residential quarter to another one and during it residents of a quarter went to see other quarters and join their MOURNING in a cyclic form. Everyone participated in this event: residents of the quarters endowed their houses for the rituals of MUHARRAM; they gave meal to mourners during the ceremony; allocated a place in their houses which had a frontage to alley for burning candles; prepared some rooms in their houses or their courtyards for Tazieh performance and other forms of MOURNING; and thus the city actively joined the whole process of rituals. The places and paths where MUHARRAM rituals were performed formed a structure which is being recognized by city inhabitants even now; regardless of all of the transformations in the urban form and life during 20th century. Different studies by scholars on cities like Ardebil, Dezful, Aran, Naein, Lahidjan, Gorgan, Sabzevar proves this. Thus the structure was formed on the basis of: religious behavior of inhabitants; the way they used spaces for rituals; the meanings they attributed to these spaces and places; and the roles that these spaces had in their social and urban life. This structure was usually distinct from symbolic or main structure of the city. The places and paths between them linked residential quarters (mahalleh) with each other and had an important role in their social identity and their identification. In this paper, I’ll try to show the existence of this structure in Iranian cities, by reviewing and analyzing different studies on Iranian cities and comparing the findings with first hand documents of QAJAR period. I’ll try to explain how this structure was formed and its places and paths got meaning for people. Revealing the differences between these SECONDARY STRUCTUREs in Iranian cities can further the knowledge about the social structure of Iranian cities in QAJAR period; while showing their similarities can help the urban designers and planners to deepen their knowledge of historic cities, its structures and inhabitants’ images of them. These findings can help in decision making for intervention in historic cities.

Cites

THE STUDY OF HOW TO RELATE MUHARRAM MOURNING RITUAL CEREMONY AND NAIN CITY

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APA: Copy

AHARI, ZAHRA. (2015). RECOGNITION OF SECONDARY STRUCTURE OF IRANIAN CITIES IN QAJAR PERIOD. MEMARI-VA-SHAHRSAZI (HONAR-HA-YE-ZIBA ), 20(2), 23-34. SID. https://sid.ir/paper/154456/en

Vancouver: Copy

AHARI ZAHRA. RECOGNITION OF SECONDARY STRUCTURE OF IRANIAN CITIES IN QAJAR PERIOD. MEMARI-VA-SHAHRSAZI (HONAR-HA-YE-ZIBA )[Internet]. 2015;20(2):23-34. Available from: https://sid.ir/paper/154456/en

IEEE: Copy

ZAHRA AHARI, “RECOGNITION OF SECONDARY STRUCTURE OF IRANIAN CITIES IN QAJAR PERIOD,” MEMARI-VA-SHAHRSAZI (HONAR-HA-YE-ZIBA ), vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 23–34, 2015, [Online]. Available: https://sid.ir/paper/154456/en

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