The Legal System of Exploiting International Water Resources 
(Case Study: Harirud River)

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Sharifi Kia Mohammad Ali; Mashhadi Ali

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Journal Paper

Paper Information

Journal: International Law Review Year:2025 | Volume:42 | Issue:77 Page(s): 189-206

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Information Journal Paper

Title

The Legal System of Exploiting International Water Resources (Case Study: Harirud River)

Author(s)

Sharifi Kia Mohammad Ali | Mashhadi Ali | Issue Writer Certificate

Keywords

Harirud River basin

Principle of Equitable and Reasonable Utilization

Principle of No Significant Harm

International Water Law

Sharing of Water Resources

Environmental impact assessment

Hydro-Hegemonic Policy

Abstract

Harirud river with an international nature is shared between Afghanistan, Iran and Turkmenistan and currently there is no treaty among these states regarding the division of its water resources. In recent years, after the construction of the Doosti Dam by Iran and Turkmenistan, Afghanistan, as an upstream state is moving towards Hydro-Hegemonic Policy in the region by building various dams which restrain and divert the water flow of this river in order to decrease the downstream countries’ water rights. On the other hand, due to the high importance of Harirud water resources for Iran, continuing this type of behavior by Afghanistan might cause conflicts and create security risks among these countries in the near future. Therefore, employing a descriptive-analytical approach, the study aims at examining the issue according to international legal documents in the field of sharing common water resources. Finally, the findings indicate that the best and most practical method for exploitation of Harirud water resources is based on the theory of limited territorial sovereignty and implementation of the Principle of Equitable and Reasonable Utilization of common water resources by Afghanistan, without causing significant harm to downstream states.

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