Evaluation of Subjective Social Sustainability among Citizens in Hesar-e-Imam Informal Settlement in Hamedan City

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Momen poraliabad Ahad; ZAKER HAGHIGHI KIANOOSH

Title

Evaluation of Subjective Social Sustainability among Citizens in Hesar-e-Imam Informal Settlement in Hamedan City

Author(s)

Momen poraliabad Ahad | ZAKER HAGHIGHI KIANOOSH | Issue Writer Certificate

Keywords

Assessment of Social sustainabilityQ1

Informal Settlement nonQ1

Structural equation modelingQ1

Emam khomeini of HesarQ1

Hamedan CityQ1

Abstract

EXTENDED ABSTRACT Introduction Informal settlements is one of the most visible manifestations of urban poverty, which is shaped in the city or in the vicinity of cities, and because of their manifestation the low level of quality of life is shaped. In 2008, the United Nations Center for Human Settlement said in a report that more than a third of the urban population lives in informal settlements in developing countries. The way of living in informal settlements is very different from the standards of urban life. Quality of life in these areas is lower than standard and they are unstable neighborhoods. These places need sustainable development approach to change` their current status. Sustainable development is a development, which combines the needs of the present without compromising the capacity of future generations to meet their needs, and it includes economic, social and environmental components. The roots of "sustainable development" approach go back to disappointment with the results of the development and socio-economic growth in cities from the perspective of ecology. After the publication of our Common Future Report (1987), many studies have been conducted on sustainable development. But then, social stability, like the other two dimensions of development, was not clearly defined. Each group of researchers identified a number of indicators as dimensions of social sustainability, some of which can be pointed out: social justice, social solidarity, participation and security, equality, education, health, gender equality, political accountability, social participation, Empowerment, Equal Access, Promoting Cultural Identity, Maintenance, Social Justice, Satisfaction of Human Needs, Welfare, Social Interaction, Social Sense, Sense of identity, vitality, belonging and security, poverty reduction, capitalism Social, security and surveillance, density, mixed use, access, services and facilities and spatial diversity. The city of Hamedan is widely confronted with some informal settlements, with marginal areas in the belt area from northwest to southeast of the city. One of these areas is the Hesar Imam Khomeini neighborhood, which seems to have standards and social stability at a low level. The neighborhood of “ Hesar” , is located in the northwest of Hamedan, from the north to the township of the Farhangian, from the west to the Revolutionary Blvd. this neighborhood has 29, 260 people. The present study tries to investigate about the variables affecting social stability and the factors that lead to social stability in the studied areas. Methodology The present study, using a descriptive-analytical method, has tried to analyze the social sustainability of targeted neighborhoods according to the perceptions of their inhabitants. Structural Equations Models was used for this study and Software such as SPSS and AMOS were the tools by which this was done. Data collection was done through documentary studies and using analyzed questionnaires and interviews. The sample size was calculated based on the calculated variance from 30 pre-test questionnaires, with 95% confidence level and 0. 745 error and after that, 384 questionnaires were randomly collected from residents of the neighborhood in 404 and 407 regions. Finally, there are six components of security, participation, justice, education, health and quality of life, and the following 13 sub-components: interoperability, social cohesion, reliability, security feeling, equal opportunity opportunities, feeling of equity, quality of access to housing, quality of access to public transportation, quality of access to employment and income, literacy, the existence of educational services, the provision of health services, access to healthy water and sewage disposal systems for use. Result and Discussion Six components were used as components of sustainable social development in this research. In the first diagram of the graph with the software of Amos, social stability is considered as a dependent variable and the components of health, education, security, justice, participation, and quality of life as independent variables are considered. In the next step, these 6 components are considered as dependent variable and their sub-components are considered as independent variables. In the next step, a non-standardized regression coefficient table has been considered. Finally, the variables that are more than 0. 05 according to their significance test (p) are eliminated from the final model. Thus, the two variables "employment and income" and "social cohesion variable" with a significant level of 1. 24 and 0. 098 respectively, P value of more than 0. 05 of the final model is eliminated. Next, consider multiple correlations. In this way, the "equal opportunity" indicator is eliminated with a deficit of 265/0. In addition, the model's fitness was performed. It should be noted that AMOS software eliminates the indicators of "social cohesion", "quality of employment and income" and "the availability of equal opportunities" by showing the lack of correlation between the indicators of the research model. Based on them, the component of education with a standard effect of 0. 44 has the highest impact on the social stability of the informal settlement of “ Hesar” in Hamedan. The health component with the score of 0. 69 is the second most influential on the social stability of the informal settlement of “ Hesar” . Quality of life with a standardized effect of 0. 55 in the third place is influenced by the social stability of the neighborhood. The component of security as a component that has a standardized effect of 0. 43 on social stability, has the fourth place among the components that affect social stability. The fifth place is the components that affect the social sustainability component of the justice component. This component, with a standard effect of 0. 38, occupies the last place, which indicates a low level of social-sustainability. The last position in this table is related to the component of participation. This component, with a standard effect of 0. 32, has the least effect on social sustainability. In order to analyze the components of social stability of informal settlement of Hesar, SWOT analysis was used. At first, the per capita use of the poorer neighborhoods of Hesar and its comparison with the urban average of Hamedan was investigated. Further, according to this analysis, the objectives and strategies were identified and with regard to these two, the proposed proposal was dealt with. Conclusion Recognition, measurement and improvement of social stability in recent years has always been the focus of urban planners. In this research, two questions were raised. In this research, 6 components and 13 sub-components were identified for use in research. These six components are: security, participation, justice, education, health and quality of life. The health component includes two indicators for providing health services and access to safe drinking water and sewage disposal systems. The component of education includes literacy indicators and the availability of educational services. The security component includes security and credibility indicators. Justice as the next component includes two indicators of equal opportunities and feelings of equity. The results show that three components of "educational" through access to educational services and literacy, "health" through the two factors of access to health services and Access to drinking water and sewage disposal systems and "quality of life" through the two factors of quality of access to public transport and the quality of housing, have a greater impact on the social sustainability of the neighborhood. What is appearing here and should be considered in specific research in other researches is the elimination of the component of participation among the components that influence the social sustainability in the mental perception of the inhabitants of this settlement. The present research, in addition to reflecting the level of mental needs in this settlement based on their mental perception, is indicative of the status of social sustainability, indicating that these communities in these settlements and similar settlements are in dire need of measures of empowerment in a way that existing social capacities and the emergence of community participation among them will lead to provide the necessary ground for improving the living conditions and quality of life of citizens living in this area.

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APA: Copy

Momen poraliabad, Ahad, & ZAKER HAGHIGHI, KIANOOSH. (2018). Evaluation of Subjective Social Sustainability among Citizens in Hesar-e-Imam Informal Settlement in Hamedan City. JOURNAL OF THE STUDIES OF HUMAN SETTLEMENTS PLANNING (JOURNAL OF GEOGRAPHICAL LANDSCAPE), 13(3 (44) ), 679-696. SID. https://sid.ir/paper/175932/en

Vancouver: Copy

Momen poraliabad Ahad, ZAKER HAGHIGHI KIANOOSH. Evaluation of Subjective Social Sustainability among Citizens in Hesar-e-Imam Informal Settlement in Hamedan City. JOURNAL OF THE STUDIES OF HUMAN SETTLEMENTS PLANNING (JOURNAL OF GEOGRAPHICAL LANDSCAPE)[Internet]. 2018;13(3 (44) ):679-696. Available from: https://sid.ir/paper/175932/en

IEEE: Copy

Ahad Momen poraliabad, and KIANOOSH ZAKER HAGHIGHI, “Evaluation of Subjective Social Sustainability among Citizens in Hesar-e-Imam Informal Settlement in Hamedan City,” JOURNAL OF THE STUDIES OF HUMAN SETTLEMENTS PLANNING (JOURNAL OF GEOGRAPHICAL LANDSCAPE), vol. 13, no. 3 (44) , pp. 679–696, 2018, [Online]. Available: https://sid.ir/paper/175932/en

Scientific Information Database

ISSN: 2588-4824

Journal Paper

Evaluation of Subjective Social Sustainability among Citizens in Hesar-e-Imam Informal Settlement in Hamedan City