EFFECT OF DIFFERENT LEVELS OF VITAMIN C AND L-CARNITINE ON PERFORMANCE AND SOME BLOOD AND IMMUNE PARAMETERS OF BROILERS UNDER HEAT STRESS

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MIRZAPOR SARAB S.; SALARI S.; MIRZADEH KH.; AGHAEI A.

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Journal: Iranian Journal of Animal Science Research Year:2016 | Volume:8 | Issue:1 Page(s): 141-153

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Title

EFFECT OF DIFFERENT LEVELS OF VITAMIN C AND L-CARNITINE ON PERFORMANCE AND SOME BLOOD AND IMMUNE PARAMETERS OF BROILERS UNDER HEAT STRESS

Author(s)

MIRZAPOR SARAB S. | SALARI S. | MIRZADEH KH. | AGHAEI A. | Issue Writer Certificate

Keywords

BLOOD PARAMETERSQ2

BROILERSQ1

HEAT STRESSQ1

L-CARNITINEQ2

VITAMIN CQ2

Abstract

Introduction: High environmental temperature during summer months leading to HEAT STRESS, is great concern in all types of poultry production. Feed consumption, growth rate, hatchability, mortality, and other important traits governing the prosperity of the industry are adversely affected by severe HEAT STRESS. Literature suggests that the advantages of dietary L-CARNITINE and ascorbic acid have been particularly apparent under HEAT STRESS.L- carnitine is a zwitterionic compound synthesized in vivo from lysine and methonine, and is essential for the transport of long–chain fatty acids across the inner mitochondria membrane for b-oxidation and removes toxic accumulations of fatty acids from mitochondria. VITAMIN C is an effective antioxidant, which is essential for collagen synthesis, helps to maintain various enzymes in their required reduced form, and participates in the biosynthesis of carnitine, norepinephrine and certain neuroendocrine peptides. Invertebrates, insects, most fishes, some birds, guinea-pigs, bats and primates are not able to synthesize ascorbic acid. Thus, these animals must depend upon a dietary supply of this VITAMIN C. Ascorbic acid has been demonstrated to be essential for growth in poultry.Materials and Methods: In this study, 396 Ross 308 broiler chicks were allocated in a completely randomized design with 3´3 factorial arrangement with 4 replicates of 11 chicks in each replicate for 42 days.Treatments contained 3 levels of VITAMIN C (0, 250 and 500 mg/ kg) and 3 levels of L-CARNITINE (0, 50 and 100 mg kg). In the first 3 weeks of breeding, BROILERS were under normal temperature and HEAT STRESS was done from the beginning of fourth week. Feed and water were provided ad-libitum. Performance parameters were recorded weekly. The 0.5 mL suspension of 5% SRBC was injected at 28 and 35 days of age in two birds of each pen.Blood was collected 1 week after each injection to determine the antibody titer. Vaccination against Newcastle was done at 8 days of age and 10 days after that, blood was collected for determining Newcastle titer. At the end of the experiment, two birds of each replicate were slaughtered and blood was collected for analyzing lipid parameters, and also carcass characteristics were analyzed.Results and Discussion: The highest body weight gain was observed in birds consuming 100 mg/kg of Lcarnitine and 500 mg/mg of VITAMIN C in the starter and total period of experiment (P<0.05). At the grower period of experiment, VITAMIN C increased body weight gain significantly at the levels of 250 and 500 mg/kg and also level of 100 mg/kg of L-CARNITINE. It is clear that use of L-CARNITINE with ascorbic acid in BROILERS under HEAT STRESS significantly increase the body weight of BROILERS and weight gain probably due to rate of energy transfer.Ascorbic acid is necessary in the synthesis of carnitine in the body. It is known that the amount of L-CARNITINE biosynthesis is reduced under HEAT STRESS (8). Treatments containing VITAMIN C and L-CARNITINE increased feed intake at the starter period but at the grower and total period of the experiment, feed intake was highest in birds consuming 500 mg/kg of VITAMIN C and 50 mg/ kg of L-CARNITINE. Celik and Ozturkcan (8) demonstrated that feed intake of birds fed diets supplemented with L-CARNITINE and ascorbic acid was higher than the birds fed control diet. VITAMIN C improved feed conversion ratio at the starter period but level of 500 mg/kg of VITAMIN C and 100 mg/kg of L-carnitin showed the best feed conversion ratio at grower and total period of experiment.Celik and Ozturkcan (8) showed that L-CARNITINE or L-CARNITINE and VITAMIN C improved feed conversion ratio.The lowest concentration of triglycerides and LDL and the highest concentrations of blood HDL were observed in birds consuming 500 mg/kg VITAMIN C and 100 mg /kg of L-CARNITINE (P<0.05). VITAMIN C at level 0 and Lcarnitin at level of 100 mg/kg significantly decreased blood cholesterol (P<0.05). Hassan et al, (12) observed that levels of plasma cholesterol, LDL and HDL decreased significantly by adding L-CARNITINE in combination with VITAMIN C in the diet. Also, VITAMIN C significantly increased the primary and secondary response of SRBC (P<0.05). Pardo et al, (25) also reported that using 1000 ppm VITAMIN C increased antibody production against SRBC in BROILERS.Conclusions: Based on the results of the current study, it is concluded that use of 500 mg/kg of VITAMIN C and 100 mg/kg of L-CARNITINE in combination can increase performance parameters and improve blood lipid and immune parameters of BROILERS under HEAT STRESS.

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APA: Copy

MIRZAPOR SARAB, S., SALARI, S., MIRZADEH, KH., & AGHAEI, A.. (2016). EFFECT OF DIFFERENT LEVELS OF VITAMIN C AND L-CARNITINE ON PERFORMANCE AND SOME BLOOD AND IMMUNE PARAMETERS OF BROILERS UNDER HEAT STRESS. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE RESEARCH, 8(1), 141-153. SID. https://sid.ir/paper/218382/en

Vancouver: Copy

MIRZAPOR SARAB S., SALARI S., MIRZADEH KH., AGHAEI A.. EFFECT OF DIFFERENT LEVELS OF VITAMIN C AND L-CARNITINE ON PERFORMANCE AND SOME BLOOD AND IMMUNE PARAMETERS OF BROILERS UNDER HEAT STRESS. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE RESEARCH[Internet]. 2016;8(1):141-153. Available from: https://sid.ir/paper/218382/en

IEEE: Copy

S. MIRZAPOR SARAB, S. SALARI, KH. MIRZADEH, and A. AGHAEI, “EFFECT OF DIFFERENT LEVELS OF VITAMIN C AND L-CARNITINE ON PERFORMANCE AND SOME BLOOD AND IMMUNE PARAMETERS OF BROILERS UNDER HEAT STRESS,” IRANIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE RESEARCH, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 141–153, 2016, [Online]. Available: https://sid.ir/paper/218382/en

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