The Impact of Iranian and Greek Mythology on the Iconography of Parthian Rhyta Protomes from Nisa (Centaur, Bull-Man, Leogryph)

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ROSTAMI MOSTAFA; MOUSAVI HAJI SEYYED RASOOL; Afshar Hannan

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Journal: PAZHOHESH-HA-YE BASTANSHENASI IRAN Year:2019 | Volume:9 | Issue:21 Page(s): 97-114

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Title

The Impact of Iranian and Greek Mythology on the Iconography of Parthian Rhyta Protomes from Nisa (Centaur, Bull-Man, Leogryph)

Author(s)

ROSTAMI MOSTAFA | MOUSAVI HAJI SEYYED RASOOL | Afshar Hannan | Issue Writer Certificate

Keywords

HybridQ1

RhytonQ1

CentaurQ1

LeogryphQ1

Bull-ManQ1

Abstract

In many myths around the world, there are some mythological creatures called Hybrids. They are combined body parts of two or more natural species. Some Hybrids have been used as protomes of ivory rhyta found in the ancient city of Nisa, the first Parthian capital. Majority of the Hybrids in the corpus of Rhytons, can be classified into three categories. The first category is Leogryphs: creatures combined from lion and eagle which are very popular in Achaemenid art motifs. The second category is Bull-men which are half man-half bull creatures. Third category is Centaurs: half man-half horse creatures which are well known in Greek myths. All three categories represent new looks among Iranian ancient popular motifs. The present study uses historical-descriptive research method and benefits the comparative mythology approach. A library research method is adopted for the study. This paper discusses the role of Iranian and Greek mythologies in composing Nisa Hybrids as art motifs and their equivalent related symbols and meanings. The study attempts to answer two questions: Which myths have impressed the iconography of rhyta’ s Hybrids? What are the equivalent concepts of their representation? The results indicate that Centaur is retrieved from Greek mythology, Bull-Man is affected by both Iranian and Greek myths and Leogryph offers a direct reference to the Achaemenid models. Concepts implicated by these motifs are fertility, immortality, heroism and creating civilization, all connected to the manner the rhyta were used. Considering Nisa Hybrids as cultural phenomenon, a real background of Parthian ideological believing system can be realized which was entering into a new chapter due to cultural synthesis besides returning to Iranian traditions.

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APA: Copy

ROSTAMI, MOSTAFA, MOUSAVI HAJI, SEYYED RASOOL, & Afshar, Hannan. (2019). The Impact of Iranian and Greek Mythology on the Iconography of Parthian Rhyta Protomes from Nisa (Centaur, Bull-Man, Leogryph). PAZHOHESH-HA-YE BASTANSHENASI IRAN, 9(21 ), 97-114. SID. https://sid.ir/paper/244942/en

Vancouver: Copy

ROSTAMI MOSTAFA, MOUSAVI HAJI SEYYED RASOOL, Afshar Hannan. The Impact of Iranian and Greek Mythology on the Iconography of Parthian Rhyta Protomes from Nisa (Centaur, Bull-Man, Leogryph). PAZHOHESH-HA-YE BASTANSHENASI IRAN[Internet]. 2019;9(21 ):97-114. Available from: https://sid.ir/paper/244942/en

IEEE: Copy

MOSTAFA ROSTAMI, SEYYED RASOOL MOUSAVI HAJI, and Hannan Afshar, “The Impact of Iranian and Greek Mythology on the Iconography of Parthian Rhyta Protomes from Nisa (Centaur, Bull-Man, Leogryph),” PAZHOHESH-HA-YE BASTANSHENASI IRAN, vol. 9, no. 21 , pp. 97–114, 2019, [Online]. Available: https://sid.ir/paper/244942/en

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