FOSSIL POLLEN GRAINS OF LAKE PARISHAN FROM THE VIEWPOINT OF PALEOCLIMATOLOGY

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DAVODI MAHMOD; AZIZI GHASEM; MOZAFFARIAN VALIOLLAH; SAFAIERAD REZA; SALMANI DAVOUD

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Journal: QUATERNARY JOURNAL OF IRAN Year:2015 | Volume:1 | Issue:3 Page(s): 265-280

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Title

FOSSIL POLLEN GRAINS OF LAKE PARISHAN FROM THE VIEWPOINT OF PALEOCLIMATOLOGY

Author(s)

Keywords

FOSSIL POLLENQ1

PALYNOLOGYQ2

PALEOCLIMATOLOGYQ2

PARISHAN LAKEQ2

Abstract

Introduction Nowadays, PALEOCLIMATOLOGY studies are considered as one of the most popular study fields, for they can be applied for various subjects like the study of past climatic changes of the earth, archeology, the effects of human beings on environment, rebuilding of long-term climatic data and ecosystem simulation. Climate change on all aspects has serious impacts on natural and human life. Natural variability is an inherent feature of climate that happens in short time and long time; As the Earth's climate and ecological conditions during the various geological changes and fluctuations very strong. Knowledge of weather and its patterns over long periods of time will help to determine the future climate. Thus, climate experts and environmental scientists have shown a lot of attention to PALEOCLIMATOLOGY and ecology past changes. Through studies of PALEOCLIMATOLOGY can reconstruct climate elements of past and predict the pattern of future climate. In fact, to predict the future climate the long-term data is needed; while direct measurement instrument of meteorological data only able to provide a picture of the climate of the past few decades. Therefore, to surmount the direct measurement of poverty, paleoclimatologist must use indirect evidence to discover and reconstruct the long time data. PALYNOLOGY is one of the most popular methods in metrological studies and PALYNOLOGY atlases are the most significant tools of this method. As a matter of fact, the annals of PALEOCLIMATOLOGY studies and PALYNOLOGY studies in Iran is not so rich, leading to numerous shortages in the field like lack of pollen atlas of Iran. As a result, this study aims at filling this gap by introducing the plant pollens of PARISHAN LAKE basin. Material and Methods Two field studies were done in April and June 2013 to conduct the present research. Searching on the basin of PARISHAN LAKE, the vegetation samples were assembled, dried, and transferred to the Botanical National Park of Iran. Then, the samples were transferred to PALEOCLIMATOLOGY laboratory of Geography Faculty in University of Tehran in which they sampled the plants’ flowers. In the second step of sampling, a core, measuring about 8.5 m, was taken from the floor of PARISHAN LAKE and its pollens were investigated with intervals of 10 cm. Moore et al. (1991), Erdtman (1952), Faegri and Inversin (1975) methods were used to separate the pollens. Then, Silicon oil 2000 was added to avoid oxidization. Besides, they were put in furnaces with 500C for 24 hours to be dried. Making slides and codifying by microscope, the pollens were recognized and photographed. Official sites and authoritative books and articles were applied to identify the pollens of the core (Faegri and Iversen, 1975; Kremp, 1965; Punt et al., 1994; Hesse et al., 2009; Roubik, 2003; Demske, 2013; Vafadar et al., 2010; Binka, 2003; Behboodi, 2005; PALYNOLOGY Websites of Australia, Arizona, and San Francisco). Moreover, 5 pollens of each type were measured and the average was considered as the normal size of the pollen.Results The findings reveal that there are 28 pollens in the basin of PARISHAN LAKE including 4 tree pollens, oak, pistachios, almond and olive, 2 water plant pollens of Cyperaceae and Sparganium sp., while the rest are shrubs and herbaceous plants. Their features, including polar axis, equatorial axis, and forms, are presented in Table 1, while equatorial view, polar view, the walls and the level decorations are shown in Figures 2- 10. Pollen size is not fixed and can be smaller or larger than the models listed. The size listed is the average number of groups of any kind.Conclusion As a matter of fact, lack of plant pollen atlas and FOSSIL POLLENs of Iran has disturbed PALEOCLIMATOLOGY studies based on PALYNOLOGY. In fact, the most significant advantage of identifying past climatic changes based on PALYNOLOGY is the recognition of much more pollens in the sediments. However, lacks of pollen articles and pollen atlases have affected this subject. As a result, this research aims to study the plant pollens of PARISHAN LAKE basin which were assembled, prepared, recognized, and photographed by scientific methods. The final output revealed that there are 28 plant pollens including tree pollens, shrub pollens, herbaceous pollens and water plant pollens. Several photos of each pollen are presented to help the researchers to recognize the pollens. These photos were taken from different views like polar view, equator view, pollen wall, level decoration and size.

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APA: Copy

DAVODI, MAHMOD, AZIZI, GHASEM, MOZAFFARIAN, VALIOLLAH, SAFAIERAD, REZA, & SALMANI, DAVOUD. (2015). FOSSIL POLLEN GRAINS OF LAKE PARISHAN FROM THE VIEWPOINT OF PALEOCLIMATOLOGY. QUATERNARY JOURNAL OF IRAN, 1(3), 265-280. SID. https://sid.ir/paper/255932/en

Vancouver: Copy

DAVODI MAHMOD, AZIZI GHASEM, MOZAFFARIAN VALIOLLAH, SAFAIERAD REZA, SALMANI DAVOUD. FOSSIL POLLEN GRAINS OF LAKE PARISHAN FROM THE VIEWPOINT OF PALEOCLIMATOLOGY. QUATERNARY JOURNAL OF IRAN[Internet]. 2015;1(3):265-280. Available from: https://sid.ir/paper/255932/en

IEEE: Copy

MAHMOD DAVODI, GHASEM AZIZI, VALIOLLAH MOZAFFARIAN, REZA SAFAIERAD, and DAVOUD SALMANI, “FOSSIL POLLEN GRAINS OF LAKE PARISHAN FROM THE VIEWPOINT OF PALEOCLIMATOLOGY,” QUATERNARY JOURNAL OF IRAN, vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 265–280, 2015, [Online]. Available: https://sid.ir/paper/255932/en

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