FIELD EFFICIENCY AND COST OF PLOWING AND DISKING IN KERMANSHAH

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TABATABAEIFAR A.; SAFARI M.

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Paper Information

Journal: JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING RESEARCH Year:2001 | Volume:2 | Issue:6 Page(s): 33-43

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Title

FIELD EFFICIENCY AND COST OF PLOWING AND DISKING IN KERMANSHAH

Author(s)

TABATABAEIFAR A. | SAFARI M. | Issue Writer Certificate

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Abstract

In thus study, field efficiency and cost of plowing and disking in Kermanshah was determined. The universal 650 tractor was used for the study. Two methods of data gathering were applied; 1. An operator filled out questionnaire before the operation started. 2. Some parameters were measured while operation took place.Analytical results showing the plowing field efficiency was ranged between 3675% in different field sizes; however, for the field size bigger than four hectare the field efficiency was the same value. For the disking, field efficiency was between 50-75%. These values were lower than values presented by the ASAE standards. Cost of plowing and disking per hectare was 32988 Rials and 8297 Rials respectively. The investment interest had the highest percentage of tractor cost. If one uses a tractor for 900 to 1560 hours annally, the fixed cost can be 49% of total cost.There are ways of preservation which increase shelf life of food products including olives.One of the most valuable fruits Because of the limitation of harvesting time and deteriorability of olive, especially in tropical area. It must be conserved and distributed in whole of our country: Olive fruit (Zard, Sevillana and Manzanila variety) were processed as "Spanish green olive". The treatment included a first step at ligh pH (Lye treatment), a lactic acid Fermentation and a final period of conservation.The results of two years showed that reducing of pH in the samples with starter were considerably higher than without starter. After two month pH of samples with starter reduced from 6.75 to 4.02-4.10 in the first year and from 7.18 to 4.13 in the second year and also acidity of samples with starter reached from zero to 0.14-0.26 percent in the first year and from zero to 0.25-0.45 percent in the second year.Differences of data between 2 years can probably related to harvesting time, amount of sugar in olive, condition and way of bittering, temperature of incubation and amount of starter.Olive is highly susceptible to deteriorative agents in postharvest situations. Canning is considered to be one of the preservative methods which can prolong storage life of olive by maintaining its quality.In this investigation three varieties of olive namely:Zard, Sevillana and Mamzanila were processed and canned following bitterness removal, lye treatment and lactic acid fermentation steps. Canned olives were treated with or without starter and effect of starter on pH value, acidity and fermentation time was measured in two consecutive years.Results indicated that in samples with starter decrease in pH value in the first and second year washingher (6.75 to 4.02 and 7.18 to 3.68) as compared to samples without starter (6.75 to 5.1 and 7.18 to 4.13)Acidity value for samples with starter in the first had increased from zero to 0.14 and 0.25 percent, and in second year from zero to 0.25 to 0.45 percent. Whereas in samples without starter acidity increased from zero to 0.05 and 0.06 percent in the first year and from zero to 0.3 and 0.45 percent in the second year.The differences in values of pH and acidity obtained in two consecutive years can be attributed to the differences in the harvesting time and sugar content of fruit and also shortcomings in conduction of experiments.

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References

مقایسه قدرت مالبندی تراکتور در جهت های مختلف شخم در سطح شیبدار

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APA: Copy

TABATABAEIFAR, A., & SAFARI, M.. (2001). FIELD EFFICIENCY AND COST OF PLOWING AND DISKING IN KERMANSHAH. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING RESEARCH, 2(6), 33-43. SID. https://sid.ir/paper/28093/en

Vancouver: Copy

TABATABAEIFAR A., SAFARI M.. FIELD EFFICIENCY AND COST OF PLOWING AND DISKING IN KERMANSHAH. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING RESEARCH[Internet]. 2001;2(6):33-43. Available from: https://sid.ir/paper/28093/en

IEEE: Copy

A. TABATABAEIFAR, and M. SAFARI, “FIELD EFFICIENCY AND COST OF PLOWING AND DISKING IN KERMANSHAH,” JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING RESEARCH, vol. 2, no. 6, pp. 33–43, 2001, [Online]. Available: https://sid.ir/paper/28093/en

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