THE RELIABILITY OF RED FLAGS IN SPINAL CORD COMPRESSION

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JOHANNES RAISON NICHOLAS TOBIAS; ALWAN WISAM; ABBOT AMIT; FAROOK MOHAMED; KHALEEL ARSHAD

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Journal: Archives of Trauma Research Year:2014 | Volume:3 | Issue:1 Page(s): 1-4

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Title

THE RELIABILITY OF RED FLAGS IN SPINAL CORD COMPRESSION

Author(s)

Keywords

CAUDA EQUINA

SPINAL CORD COMPRESSION

LOW BACK PAIN

Abstract

Background: Acute LOW BACK PAIN is a common cause for presentation to the emergency department (ED). Since benign etiologies account for 95% of cases, red flags are used to identify sinister causes that require prompt management.Objectives: We assessed the effectiveness of red flag signs used in the ED to identify spinal cord and cauda equine compression.Patients and Methods: It was a retrospective cohort study of 206 patients with acute back pain admitted from the ED. The presence or absence of the red flag symptoms was assessed against evidence of spinal cord or CAUDA EQUINA compression on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).Results: Overall, 32 (15.5%) patients had compression on MRI. Profound lower limb neurologic examination did not demonstrate a statistically significant association with this finding. The likelihood ratio (LR) for bowel and bladder dysfunction (sensitivity of 0.65 and specificity of 0.73) was 2.45. Saddle sensory disturbance (sensitivity of 0.27 and specificity of 0.87) had a LR of 2.11. When both symptoms were taken together (sensitivity of 0.27 and specificity of 0.92), they gave a LR of 3.46.Conclusions: The predictive value of the two statistically significant red flags only marginally raises the clinical suspicion of spinal cord or CAUDA EQUINA compression. Effective risk stratification of patients presenting to the ED with acute back pain is crucial; however, this study did not support the use of these red flags in their current form.

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APA: Copy

JOHANNES RAISON, NICHOLAS TOBIAS, ALWAN, WISAM, ABBOT, AMIT, FAROOK, MOHAMED, & KHALEEL, ARSHAD. (2014). THE RELIABILITY OF RED FLAGS IN SPINAL CORD COMPRESSION. ARCHIVES OF TRAUMA RESEARCH, 3(1), 1-4. SID. https://sid.ir/paper/330602/en

Vancouver: Copy

JOHANNES RAISON NICHOLAS TOBIAS, ALWAN WISAM, ABBOT AMIT, FAROOK MOHAMED, KHALEEL ARSHAD. THE RELIABILITY OF RED FLAGS IN SPINAL CORD COMPRESSION. ARCHIVES OF TRAUMA RESEARCH[Internet]. 2014;3(1):1-4. Available from: https://sid.ir/paper/330602/en

IEEE: Copy

NICHOLAS TOBIAS JOHANNES RAISON, WISAM ALWAN, AMIT ABBOT, MOHAMED FAROOK, and ARSHAD KHALEEL, “THE RELIABILITY OF RED FLAGS IN SPINAL CORD COMPRESSION,” ARCHIVES OF TRAUMA RESEARCH, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 1–4, 2014, [Online]. Available: https://sid.ir/paper/330602/en

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