First report of TTKTK, a variant of the race TTKSK (Ug99) of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici with virulence on the resistance genes Sr31 and SrTmp in Iran

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Omrani Ali; Roohparvar Ramin

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Journal: Journal of Applied Research in Plant Protection Year:2020 | Volume:9 | Issue:3 Page(s): 87-89

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Title

First report of TTKTK, a variant of the race TTKSK (Ug99) of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici with virulence on the resistance genes Sr31 and SrTmp in Iran

Author(s)

Omrani Ali | Roohparvar Ramin | Issue Writer Certificate

Keywords

Differential cultivarsQ2

Puccinia graminis f.sp.triticiQ1

race TTKTK and virulenceQ1

Abstract

Black or stem rust caused by Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici is one the most important and destructive fungal disease of wheatworldwide. One of the most virulent stem rust races, having virulence on many stem rust resistance genes, is the race TTKS(Ug99) which was first observed in Uganda in 1998 (Pretorius et al. 2000). Since 1999, 12 different variants of the race TTKSK (Ug99) have been identified worldwide, including TTKSF, TTKST, TTTSK, TTKSP, PTKSK, PTKST, TTKSFTTKTT, TTKTK, TTHSK, PTKTK, and TTHST (Bhavani et al. 2019). Despite the presence of this race in some provincof the country since 2007, none of the variants of the race Ug99 have not yet been reported from Iran. In 2016, in the Shavoodistrict of Khuzestan province, severe stem rust infection was detected on Chamran2 cultivar (harboring the Sr31 gene). Thisevidence raised the possibility for the presence of Ug99 or its variants in the Shavoor region. The infected stem and lea samples were collected from this cultivar and transferred to the cereal rusts greenhouses at Seed and Plant ImprovemeInstitute. Three single-pustule isolates were multiplied on susceptible cultivar McNair 701. A set of 20 North AmericaDifferential cultivars employed to determine the race. Phenotyping reaction (infection type) was carried out based on the 0 4 scale (Stakman et al. 1962) and the race designation was done based on Jin et al. coding system (Jin et al. 2008). Based on the values determined for each of the North American 20-genotypic differential genotypes, the Shavoor region isolate widentified as TTKTK, which is a variant of the Ug99 race (Figure 1). Previously this race has been reported from UgandEthiopia, and Kenya (Patpour et al. 2016). The reaction of both the Sr31/6*LMPG line carrying the Sr31 resistance gene and the CnsSrTmp line carrying the SrTmp gene and Mv17, Falat, Shiroudi, and Chamran2 cultivars, which were confirmed bmolecular analysis of the Sr31 resistance gene, in all replicates was susceptible to the isolate (3-4). Other races of Pgtincluding TKTTF, TTRTF, and TTTTF, are virulent on the SrTmp resistance gene. It worth mentioning that this race is highvirulent and has very high pathogenicity (infection north American differential line and advances lines of wheat) and previoumolecular studies have shown low frequency of effective resistance genes to Ug99 and its variants in commercial cultivaradvanced and promising wheat lines in Iran (Patpour et al. 2014); hence, this issue is a serious threat to the country's food security. Before the epidemic of this race, appropriate measures must be taken in to account including the introduction effective resistance genes against the TTKSK (Ug99) and its variants in desirable genotypes that are widely cultivated undevarious climatic regions across the country.

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