SYNOPTIC-CLIMATOLOGICAL STUDY OF THE ASIAN SUMMER MONSOON IN AFGHANISTAN

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SICALL T.R.

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Journal Paper

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Journal: GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH Year:2002 | Volume:16-17 | Issue:4-1 (63-64) Page(s): 175-212

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Title

SYNOPTIC-CLIMATOLOGICAL STUDY OF THE ASIAN SUMMER MONSOON IN AFGHANISTAN

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SICALL T.R. | Issue Writer Certificate

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Abstract

At present, there isn't a clear and generally accepted definition for the term "Monsoon". Parameters used for studying monsoon are also quite different. S1fmmer monsoon affects east part of Afghanistan. In spite of climatic variety and wide mountainous area, network of meteorological stations of Afghanistan often lacks sufficient and long-term data. Monsoon circulation is originated by formation of thermal lows after June until September. The lows of L1 and L2 in Pakistan and Afghanistan are representatives of Intertropical Front (ITF). Within the low of L1 exists shallow maritime airmass, but there is warm continental airmass in L2. In most parts of Pakistan monsoon rainfall includes nearly 50% of total precipitation, whereas in Afghanistan monsoon rainfall is short and limited to eastern part of the country. Afghanistan monsoon rainfall falls into isolated storms with great time intervals. The monsoon circulation should be set before its first low reaches the country. The first stage of monsoon starts the second half of May until the beginning of June and its peak period is established when the first low reaches in early June and the last storms in August and September. It is expected that westward penetration of maritime airmass over Afghanistan in advancing periods of monsoon occurs in upper levels. Conditions of monsoon in Afghanistan are nearly similar to West Africa regions and furthermore it is complicated by Hindu Kush Range. Last limit of monsoon penetration reaches around north and northwest vallyes of Kabul, and Hindu Kush blocks its further penetration to west. One of the monsoon's features is periodic and non-periodic displacement of ITF. Its reason sets in consecutive displacing of continental airmass with maritime one and vice Versa. Another interesting feature of monsoon is its breaks. This phenomenon is established by temporal retreat or chang of monsoon airmass stratification due to penetration of midlatitude troughs to south and subtropical regions.

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APA: Copy

SICALL, T.R.. (2002). SYNOPTIC-CLIMATOLOGICAL STUDY OF THE ASIAN SUMMER MONSOON IN AFGHANISTAN. GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH, 16-17(4-1 (63-64)), 175-212. SID. https://sid.ir/paper/533463/en

Vancouver: Copy

SICALL T.R.. SYNOPTIC-CLIMATOLOGICAL STUDY OF THE ASIAN SUMMER MONSOON IN AFGHANISTAN. GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH[Internet]. 2002;16-17(4-1 (63-64)):175-212. Available from: https://sid.ir/paper/533463/en

IEEE: Copy

T.R. SICALL, “SYNOPTIC-CLIMATOLOGICAL STUDY OF THE ASIAN SUMMER MONSOON IN AFGHANISTAN,” GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH, vol. 16-17, no. 4-1 (63-64), pp. 175–212, 2002, [Online]. Available: https://sid.ir/paper/533463/en

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