HUMAN PROPORTION IN ACHAEMENID ART CASE STUDY: APADANA PALACE STAIRWAY RELIEVES, PERSEPOLLS

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AFHAMI R.; TAVOUSI MAHMOUD; AYAT ELAHI HABIB ELAH; HAZHABRI NOUBARI A.R.

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Journal: HONAR-HA-YE-ZIBA Year:2007 | Volume:- | Issue:28 Page(s): 93-104

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Title

HUMAN PROPORTION IN ACHAEMENID ART CASE STUDY: APADANA PALACE STAIRWAY RELIEVES, PERSEPOLLS

Author(s)

AFHAMI R. | TAVOUSI MAHMOUD | AYAT ELAHI HABIB ELAH | HAZHABRI NOUBARI A.R. | Issue Writer Certificate

Keywords

HUMAN PROPORTIONQ3

ACHAEMENID ARTQ2

APADANA PALACE STAIRWAYQ3

PERSEPOLISQ2

Abstract

In ancient civilizations, the geometry and its usages, especially in the proportions of human body in artistic works, had been a device for showing the worldview of each culture about human. This article, as the first step to investigate this matter in ACHAEMENID ART, attends to define the mathematical relations and various ratios of body organs in Achaemenid figures. The variety of postures of Apapda stairway relieves in PERSEPOLIS complex, Specially the Medes and Persian dignitaries shows that unlike the previous doctrine of foreign researchers about the repetitious usage of limited patterns of organs in the composition-as an adoption of Mesopotamian or Egyptian art - as the way for ensuring the Harmony of whole work, The relief designers of Apadana Palace had predetermined a specific proportion system of Human body organs as an instrument for designing the individual figures. This basic proportion enabled them to create various postures that were harmonized by the usage of these symmetric sizes in various angles and shapes.In this paper we consider the HUMAN PROPORTIONs of ACHAEMENID ARTistic figures in APADANA PALACE STAIRWAY relieves as a significant artistic work of that Period. These figures are the primary patterns of repeated figures in other PERSEPOLIS complex buildings relieves. Notwithstanding the best figure for this research is the emperor figure in the central stairway scene that called "Baare-Am", the deformation of this figure to adapt with sitting posture and lack of proper information to determination the front view posture, this Study focuses on immortal soldiers and Medes and Persian dignitaries' relieves. At first, distances of some parts are transferred by geometric solutions in order to create an image of the front elevation of body as a proper view to measure the length of organs and their proportions. Owing the limitation of lateral view of figures in this relieves, for determine some of front view dimensions, especially in face part used from council chamber stairway sphinx as an external reference. This examination shows the size and ratio of each body organ in base of body height. Next, it is compared with Leonardo OaVinci HUMAN PROPORTION as an idealistic Figure proportion to specify the similarities and dissimilation of these figures with a real human body. At least the proportion of Achaemenid Figures compared with Egyptian, Mesopotamian and Grecian HUMAN PROPORTION systems as Origins of Achaemenid eclectic Art. Finally, it is shown that the HUMAN PROPORTION of ACHAEMENID ART in PERSEPOLIS - unlike the primary artistic works of this period such as Bihstun inscription figures that are based on Mesopotamian proportion system - is different from other cultures HUMAN PROPORTION systems. The human figures of this artistic work have a specific proportion in all organs especially trunk divisions and head size that never had origins in other cultures. This HUMAN PROPORTION system is based on usage of a hypothetical primary square with dimensions of predetermined height of figure and a definite ratio between Various Parts of body based on the multiples of 1/14 divides of this basic square dimensions.

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APA: Copy

AFHAMI, R., TAVOUSI, MAHMOUD, AYAT ELAHI, HABIB ELAH, & HAZHABRI NOUBARI, A.R.. (2007). HUMAN PROPORTION IN ACHAEMENID ART CASE STUDY: APADANA PALACE STAIRWAY RELIEVES, PERSEPOLLS. HONAR-HA-YE-ZIBA, -(28), 93-104. SID. https://sid.ir/paper/5675/en

Vancouver: Copy

AFHAMI R., TAVOUSI MAHMOUD, AYAT ELAHI HABIB ELAH, HAZHABRI NOUBARI A.R.. HUMAN PROPORTION IN ACHAEMENID ART CASE STUDY: APADANA PALACE STAIRWAY RELIEVES, PERSEPOLLS. HONAR-HA-YE-ZIBA[Internet]. 2007;-(28):93-104. Available from: https://sid.ir/paper/5675/en

IEEE: Copy

R. AFHAMI, MAHMOUD TAVOUSI, HABIB ELAH AYAT ELAHI, and A.R. HAZHABRI NOUBARI, “HUMAN PROPORTION IN ACHAEMENID ART CASE STUDY: APADANA PALACE STAIRWAY RELIEVES, PERSEPOLLS,” HONAR-HA-YE-ZIBA, vol. -, no. 28, pp. 93–104, 2007, [Online]. Available: https://sid.ir/paper/5675/en

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