THE ROLE OF SUPERVISION DURING THE EXECUTION STAGE IN THE REDUCTION OF DAMAGES CAUSED BY EARTHQUAKE ON DIFFERENT BUILDING TYPES IN ZARAND REGION KERMAN

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SAGHAFI M.J.

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Journal: HONAR-HA-YE-ZIBA Year:2006 | Volume:- | Issue:26 Page(s): 67-74

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Title

THE ROLE OF SUPERVISION DURING THE EXECUTION STAGE IN THE REDUCTION OF DAMAGES CAUSED BY EARTHQUAKE ON DIFFERENT BUILDING TYPES IN ZARAND REGION KERMAN

Author(s)

SAGHAFI M.J. | Issue Writer Certificate

Keywords

EARTHQUAKEQ3

DAMAGEQ3

BUILDING CODESQ4

EXECUTIONQ3

SUPERVISIONQ3

Abstract

On Tuesday, 23 February 2004, at 5:55 local time (2:25 UT), a destructive EARTHQUAKE of surface wave magnitude Ms 6.5 struck the Zarand region, Kerman province in Iran (exactly 14 months after destructive EARTHQUAKE of Bam on December 2002). According to official figures, about 600 lives were lost and several thousands injured. Similar to most EARTHQUAKE occurred in Iran in the past, this quake struck a relatively spares area. However, there are hundreds of reinforced concrete and semi-engineered (confined masonry) buildings in the region whose behavior, particularly at the epicenter area, is quite considerable. In general, the behavior of the existing structures to the quake, gave us some good lessons to be releamed.The same magnitude and the extensive DAMAGEs caused by Zarand EARTHQUAKE like Bam EARTHQUAKE illustrate many similarities between these two EARTHQUAKEs. However, the behavior of buildings against Zarand EARTHQUAKE is completely different from Bam EARTHQUAKE. Destruction and details of DAMAGEs indicates the influence of economical, social and cultural aspects of the society on the quality of buildings construction. Study of a number of EARTHQUAKEs in Iran such as Manjil-Roudbar EARTHQUAKE on 1990, Ghaenat EARTHQUAKE on 1997 and Bam EARTHQUAKE on 2002, shows that amongst the different ages of the whole process of design and construction (execution), SUPERVISION during the EXECUTION stage has the most important influence on the quality of construction and behavior of the building against EARTHQUAKE.This research has studied the relationship between the DAMAGE of a building and the quality of construction.This investigation has demonstrated the role of building regulations, national codes, materials quality and SUPERVISION in the resistance of buildings against the EARTHQUAKE loads. Lack of SUPERVISION and traditional methods in the construction of buildings have been the main reasons for the extensive destruction and DAMAGEs of the buildings in the region. A number of papers published by the author (based on the large and extended field study) after Ghaenat EARTHQUAKE and Bam EARTHQUAKE illustrated the role of SUPERVISION on the quality of construction and as a result the behavior of buildings against the EARTHQUAKE. There is a major difference between this research and previous studies on the DAMAGEs caused by the above mention EARTHQUAKEs. It relates to the style and the method of construction in the region. Lack of appropriate materials and skilled workers are the main reasons for the DAMAGE and destruction of buildings in the rural area. However, local materials and traditional construction methods in some areas (and sometimes shortage of financial resources) have resulted ill-structured design and construction in the area.This research has explained the reasons for the DAMAGEs of buildings based on field investigation and review of a large number of case studies in the villages that have been destroyed by Zarand EARTHQUAKE. In this research, construction of different types of building from early stage up to the completion of the building has been studied and the role of BUILDING CODES such as Iranian Building Regulation No. 2800 for Design of EARTHQUAKE Resistance Buildings has been investigated. The conclusion of case studies indicates that technical SUPERVISION can effectively reduce the DAMAGEs of buildings. The research has illustrated the reason for vulnerability of the buildings in Zarand region under the EARTHQUAKE and presents the modified methods to prevent extensive DAMAGE to the buildings in future EARTHQUAKEs.

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APA: Copy

SAGHAFI, M.J.. (2006). THE ROLE OF SUPERVISION DURING THE EXECUTION STAGE IN THE REDUCTION OF DAMAGES CAUSED BY EARTHQUAKE ON DIFFERENT BUILDING TYPES IN ZARAND REGION KERMAN. HONAR-HA-YE-ZIBA, -(26), 67-74. SID. https://sid.ir/paper/5843/en

Vancouver: Copy

SAGHAFI M.J.. THE ROLE OF SUPERVISION DURING THE EXECUTION STAGE IN THE REDUCTION OF DAMAGES CAUSED BY EARTHQUAKE ON DIFFERENT BUILDING TYPES IN ZARAND REGION KERMAN. HONAR-HA-YE-ZIBA[Internet]. 2006;-(26):67-74. Available from: https://sid.ir/paper/5843/en

IEEE: Copy

M.J. SAGHAFI, “THE ROLE OF SUPERVISION DURING THE EXECUTION STAGE IN THE REDUCTION OF DAMAGES CAUSED BY EARTHQUAKE ON DIFFERENT BUILDING TYPES IN ZARAND REGION KERMAN,” HONAR-HA-YE-ZIBA, vol. -, no. 26, pp. 67–74, 2006, [Online]. Available: https://sid.ir/paper/5843/en

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