Demystifying penetrating atherosclerotic ulcer of aorta: unrealised tyrant of senile aortic changes

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Dev Rahul; Gitanjali Khorwal; Anshuman Darbari

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Journal: Journal of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Research Year:2021 | Volume:13 | Issue:1 Page(s): 1-14

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Title

Demystifying penetrating atherosclerotic ulcer of aorta: unrealised tyrant of senile aortic changes

Author(s)

Dev Rahul | Gitanjali Khorwal | Anshuman Darbari | Issue Writer Certificate

Keywords

Aortic Dissection Computed Tomography Angiography Intramural Hematoma Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair Penetrating Atherosclerotic Ulcer

Abstract

This review article describes demographic features, comorbidities, clinical and imaging findings, prognosis, and treatment strategies in penetrating atherosclerotic ulcer (PAU) and closely related entities using google scholar web search. PAU is one of the manifestations of the acute aortic syndrome (AAS) spectrum. The underlying aorta invariably shows atherosclerotic changes or aneurysmal dilatation. Hypertension is the most common contributing factor, with chest or back pain being the usual manifestation. Intramural hematoma (IMH) is the second entity associated with both PAU and aortic dissection (AD), more so with the latter. Chest radiograph can show mediastinal widening, pleural, or pericardial fluid in rupture. Computed tomography angiography (CTA) is the imaging modality of choice to visualize PAU, with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and transoesophageal echocardiography (TEE) adding diagnostic value. Lesser-known entities of intramural blood pool (IBP), limited intimal tears (LITs), and focal intimal disruptions (FID) are also encountered. PAU can form fistulous communication with adjacent organs whereas IMH may propagate to dissection. CTA aids in defining the management, open or endovascular options in surgical candidates...

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APA: Copy

Dev, Rahul, Gitanjali, Khorwal, & Anshuman, Darbari. (2021). Demystifying penetrating atherosclerotic ulcer of aorta: unrealised tyrant of senile aortic changes. JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR AND THORACIC RESEARCH, 13(1), 1-14. SID. https://sid.ir/paper/781033/en

Vancouver: Copy

Dev Rahul, Gitanjali Khorwal, Anshuman Darbari. Demystifying penetrating atherosclerotic ulcer of aorta: unrealised tyrant of senile aortic changes. JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR AND THORACIC RESEARCH[Internet]. 2021;13(1):1-14. Available from: https://sid.ir/paper/781033/en

IEEE: Copy

Rahul Dev, Khorwal Gitanjali, and Darbari Anshuman, “Demystifying penetrating atherosclerotic ulcer of aorta: unrealised tyrant of senile aortic changes,” JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR AND THORACIC RESEARCH, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 1–14, 2021, [Online]. Available: https://sid.ir/paper/781033/en

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