This paper presents the nonlinear Finite Element Analysis (FEA) that has been carried out to simulate the behaviour of failure modes of Reinforced Concrete (RC) beams strengthened in flexure and shear by Fibre Reinforced Polymer (FRP) laminates. Four beams were modeled in FEM software using ANSYS. In those four beams, two beams were control beams without FRP and other two beams were Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) strengthened beams. A quarter of the full beam was used for modelling by taking advantage of the symmetry of the beam, loading and boundary conditions. From the analyses the load deflection relationships until failure, and crack patterns were obtained and compared with the experimental results available in the Literatures. The load deflection plots obtained from numerical studies show good agreement with the experimental plots reported by Balamuralikrishnan & Antony Jeyasehar, and Amer M. Ibrahim & Mohammed Sh. Mahmood. There was a difference in behaviour between the RC beams strengthened with and without CFRP layers. The crack patterns obtained in FEA in the beams were also presented. The use of computer software to model these elements is much faster, and extremely cost-effective. Therefore, modelling of experimental beams can be adoptable in ANSYS. Validation of experimental results can also be done using ANSYS.

Polymers can be natural or synthetic and are largely used in several applications due to their versatile properties. Polymers can vary widely in their properties and applications, and they are a fundamental part of our everyday life. Polypropylene (PP) is a thermoplastic polymer from the polyolefin family. It is among the most widely used plastics in various automotive and packaging industries. Although PP is widely used in commodity range, still its applications are restricted in niche areas due to lack of toughness which can be improved by incorporation of rubbery materials or fillers. Graphene (G) is one of the nanomaterials used to strengthen polypropylene. Graphene is recognized for its outstanding thermo-mechanical properties, making it a highly desirable material in various fields of science and technology. Benefits gained by incorporation of graphene nanoparticles into polypropylene are studied by researchers. In this study, a finite element analysis is performed which shows the mechanical behaviour of PP and G using ANSYS, which is one of the most powerful finite element analysis (FEA) softwares that can help to perform such simulations to understand stress, strain, deformation of components before actual experimentation. The bending load of 100 N and 1400 N in vertical z-direction are applied for 100% PP model, 100% G model and 50% PP+50% G model and the linear part of stress-strain curve is captured in this analysis.

In the present work, an attempt has been made to study and improve the physical and biomechanical properties of adding Titanium dioxide (TiO2) and yttria stabilized zirconia (Y-PSZ) Nano fillers ceramic particles for reinforced the high density polyethylene (HDPE) matrix Nanocomposites for fabricated six bio nanocomposites hybrid by using hot pressing technique at different compounding temperature of (180, 190, and 200 ° C) and compression pressures of (30, 60, and 90 MPa). The fabricated Nano systems were designed, produced and investigated for use in repairs and grafting of the human bones, which are exposed to accidents or lifethreatening diseases. The main current research results show that with the increase of the TiO2 filler contain from 0 to 10 %, the value bulk densities increase by 30. 24 % and when adding 2% partial stabilized zirconia (YPSZ), this value was further increased by 13. 91%. For the same conditions the value percentages true porosity decrease by 48. 68 % and further by 84. 85 %, respectively. For the same previous parametric values, it has also been accessed that the maximum compression strength for this study was increased by 33. 34 % and then further by 22 %, where these values higher by 90. 11% than the previous mentioned studies. The micro-Vickers Hardness increased by 30. 11 % for the second manufacturing system comparing with the first one, while the maximum equivalent von– Misses Stresses obtained from the current work withstand higher stresses than the natural bone by 52. 65 higher than the previous studies. The stress safety factors increase by 58. 38 % and by 21. 42 % for the first and second systems, respectively. The achieved results values for the modeled femur bone is equivalent to actual service of the activity during normal movement of the patient. These results give great the designers choices to use successful bio composites for in vivo tests according to the clinical situation, age and the static and dynamic loads when designing a material to repair the fractured bones due to different types of accidents.

Deformation of the silo wall due to the single ball impact is modeled in ANSYS. The material in silo, as a Winkler bed, is replaced by spring-damper elements and the spring stiffness and damper coefficients are evaluated of the granular material and wall properties. The granular material deformation under the specified force is measured to evaluate the granular stiffness to be used for determining the appropriate spring stiffness in ANSYS model. Geometrical parameters and boundary conditions are set according to the properties of a laboratory silo containing magnetite concentrate. Effects of impact parameters including the ball size and the impact position on the hopper displacement are taken into account. Comparison of simulation results with experimental data confirms that the wall displacement is an indicator of the ability of impact to solve obstruction. Simulation will be an alternative to expensive and time consuming experimental procedures for specifying the optimal impacts for obstruction solution.