The main goal of this study was to apply chemometrics techniques such as (ANOVA)-Simultaneous Component Analysis (ASCA), Response Surface Methodology (RSM), and Central Composite Design (CCD) to identify important factors in Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate (DSP) microextraction from plasma samples. This work proposes the pre-concentration and determination of DSP using a Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction (DLLME) and spectrophotometry in combination with chemometrics approaches. ASCA as a multivariate statistical tool was used to more thoroughly analyze the influencing factors on DLLME and their interactions. By ASCA the diversity of the data matrix was divided into five levels for four variables: the major impact of each experimental component (dispersive and extraction solvent volume, amount of salt, and incubation time), followed by the impact of each second-order interaction. The significance of each factor or interaction effect was determined by a permutation test. The outcomes were compared with the results of the ANOVA approach to determine the ideal circumstances for measuring the trace amount of DSP. Under optimal conditions, a linear calibration curve with a detection limit of 0.071 µg/mL in the 0.1-5 µg/mL range was obtained.

Introduction: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has two major groups: Ulcerative Colitis (UC) and Crohn’s Disease (CD), diagnosed by routine invasive methods. In recent years, diagnostic value of immunologic tests including perinuclear Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody (pANCA) and Anti-Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Antibody (ASCA) has been mentioned. These tests are supposed to be used as a diagnostic tool and also have some relationship with clinical characteristics of IBD.In this study; we investigated the diagnostic value of above tests and their relationship with IBD manifestations. Methods: Sera from 144 patients with IBD (113 with UC and 31 with CD) as cases and 176 patients with non-IBD rectorrhagia, flatulence, dyspepsia, GI cancers, IBS as controls were analyzed. Patients’ serum was assayed for ASCA by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) & for pANCA by indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA). Results: Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value of pANCA in UC were: 39%, 82%, 70%, and 56%. In patients with CD the above parameters were: 58%, 70%, 31%, and 87%, respectively. Using both tests increased the specificity and positive predictive value in UC patients to 89% and 84% and in patients with CD to 80% and 46%. There was a significant difference between CD and UC groups in ASCA results (P= 0.002).UC patients with Sclerosing Cholangitis (P=0.003) and severe bleeding (P=0.004) were significantly positive for pANCA more than other UC patients, respectively. Conclusion: We recommend pANCA & ASCA for differentiation of CD & UC, although it is not useful for screening. Using both tests together improves the specificity and positive predictive value. Positive pANCA results might be seen together with some complications like: Sclerosing Cholangitis & severe bleeding.  

Ensuring meat quality is critical for consumer satisfaction and food safety, but monitoring subtle quality changes remains a challenge. This study presents a smartphone-based imaging approach combined with advanced data analysis techniques to evaluate color changes in red meat under different storage conditions. Meat samples stored in a refrigerator (4°C) and a freezer (-19°C) were analyzed over three weeks using RGB and HSV color spaces. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) revealed patterns of color change, while ANOVA-Simultaneous Component Analysis (ASCA) identified significant effects of storage time and temperature on meat color, with the HSV color space showing greater sensitivity. Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA) successfully classified chilled and frozen samples after temperature equilibration, with the soft classification method demonstrating robust performance. These results highlight the potential of integrating accessible imaging tools and machine learning techniques for objective and efficient meat quality assessment, providing a scalable solution for the food industry.

Purpose: To compare the effectiveness of anterior subconjunctival anesthesia (ASCA) with sub-tenon’, s anesthesia (STA) for manual small incision cataract surgery (MSICS), regarding pain, akinesia, surgeon comfort, and complications. Methods: This trial randomized 164 patients into two groups. Group 1 received ASCA, and Group 2 received STA. MSICS was performed on all patients. Any complications of anesthesia were noted before starting surgery. Patient ocular motility during surgery was scored between 0 and 4 based on the number of directions of gaze in which movement persisted. Following surgery, patients scored pain felt during surgery on a visual pain-score analog, and the surgeon graded for “, discomfort”,felt during surgery from 0 (Nil) to 4 (additional anesthesia needed). Results: Chemosis due to anesthesia and persistence of ocular motility in all four gaze directions were seen in all 82 patients of Group 1, but these did not prevent the surgeon from performing MSICS. Seventy-seven patients (94%) in Group 1 and 79 (96. 4%) in Group 2 had no or mild pain during surgery. The surgeon had moderate-to-severe discomfort in 14 (17. 2%) Group 1 patients and 3 (3. 6%) Group 2 patients, most of whom had deep-set eyes or exhibited excessive eye movements. Two patients in Group 1 and one patient in Group 2 were converted to peribulbar block. Conclusion: ASCA is a safe and effective alternative for performing MSICS. It does not induce akinesia but provides adequate anesthesia for the surgery in most patients, except those with deep-set eyes, especially if displaying increased anxiety.

During 1995 - 96 faunistic studies were carried out on the mites of cotton fields in Moghan plain. A total of 9 species, 18 genera and 8 families belonging to the order Mesostigmata were collected and identified. The first part of it which is presented here in this paper includes 4 families named Rhodacaridae, Digamasellidae, Phytoseiidae and Ascide with 9 genera and 6 species as follows: Amblydromella iranensis Dan. & Den., Neoseiulus oryzacolus Dan., Phytoseius tropicalis Dan., Typhodromus sp., Rhodacarellus epiginalis Sheals, Digamasellus sp., Dendrolaelaps zwoelferi Hirschm, Proctolaelaps hystricoides and Asca sp., one species (Proctolaelaps hystricoides) is new record for the mite fauna of Iran, all others are new for the Moghan plain. With regard to the gernera and species diversity of the family phtoseiidae, further studies about this family in order to identify the important bio-control agents of the region are needed.

Agroecosystems containing edaphic Mesostigmata mites are considered important predators of nematodes, collembola, and insects, and those living on plants may be effective at controlling pests like spider mites. In the present research study, we provide new information about the Edaphic Mesostigmata mites known from the Isfahan metropolis in the central Iran based on the new field collection in 2019. In totally, thirty-two edaphic species belong to 13 families, and 25 genera collected and identified from Isfahan province (central Iran), of which four species are new records for the fauna of Iran (indicated by an asterisk). Twelve new provincial distribution records viz., Asca aphidioides (Linnaeus, 1758), Blattisocius tarsalis (Berlese, 1918), Cosmolaelaps claviger (Berlese, 1883), Gaeolaelaps neoaculeifer (Hrischmann, 1966)*, Gymnolaelaps obscuroides (Costa, 1968), Hypoaspis quadridentatus (Allred, 1970)*, Hypoaspisella asperatus (Berlese, 1904)*, H. patagoniensis (Sheals, 1962)*, Neoseiulus bicaudus (Wainstein, 1962), Parasitus mycophilus (Karg, 1971), Pogonolaelaps canestrinii (Berlese, 1903) and Polyaspis berlesei (Camin, 1954) are presented.

Mites are one of the largest and most diverse subclasses of Arachnida with a worldwide distribution. The order includes 456 families and more than 56, 000 species.In this study, mesostigmatic soil mite fauna was studied as indicators of biodiversity in the 52-hectare Police park of the city of Tehran, Iran. The area of the park was divided into 7 sections in terms of their vegetational and geographical properties. Soil samplings were conducted through theyear and a total of 6167 mite specimens of 80 species were collected. Species diversity was calculated using Simpsons index of diversity and Shannon-Wiener index. Species richness was estimated using Menhinicks index and Margalefs diversity index and species evenness calculation was based on Peet and Hill.Cheiroseiussp., Halolaelaps sp., Oplitis sp., Asca sp., Androlaelaps aegypticus, Pergamasus falculiger, Gamasiphis pulchellus, Cosmolaelaps lutegiensis, Macrocheles insignitus, Euandrolaelaps karawaiewi, Lasioseiusyoucefi, Proctolaelaps pygmaeus, Macrocheles peniculatus, Iphidozercon gibbus, Antennoseius masoviae, Pergamasus crassipes and Neogamasus cervicornis are reported here from Tehran for the first time.Uroseius (Apinoseius) sp. is new to Iran.

An 11 year old boy was referred to Mashhad dental school for his several oral ulcers with recurrences from 4 years ago. After clinical examinations, the diagnosis was recurrent aphthous stomatitis. Laboratory findings showed anemia, a high degree of ESR and positive CRP.Moreover, he sufferred from periodic abdomenal pain after eating and loss of weight. This associated clinical signs and laboratory changes required more comprehensive search about possible systemic diseases which can have similar oral manifestations .So, with this objective, he was referred to a specialist for considering his digestive signs.The findings of the colonoscopy revealed that the entire colon was normal but there was increased thickening as well as edema of the terminal mucosa. In the transit of the small bowel, thinning of the distal ileum and loop of geogenum were seen. Also, an increase of the terminal ileum loop was shown. In the serologic finding (ASCA), Anti- Saccharomyces Cervisia was positive.Due to the pain of ankle’s leg which then occurs in the sacral region, a decrease of bone density was seen in the MRI. All of these finding approve our strong suspicion to Crohn's disease .Now, he is under treatment by a gastroenterologist.

Order Mesostigmata is one of the largest groups in subclass Acari and its members are important components of natural and agricultural ecosystems. During 2013, fauna of edaphic mesostigmatic mites were collected from soil and plant debris of Arasbaran forests in north of East Azerbaijan province, Iran. Mites were extracted by using Berlese funnels, cleared in Nesbitt's fluid and slides mounted by Hoyer's medium. In this study, 40 species belonging to 32 genera and 18 families were collected and identified. Among the identified species, 20 species were new for East Azerbaijan province fauna. A key for identified taxa has been given. In this study, the family Veigaiidae had the highest relative frequency (19. 01%) and the families Zerconidae and Laelapidae with 15. 21% and 13. 19 frequencies were situated in the next ranks, respectively. The list of identified species are as follows. New records for East Azerbaijan Province mites fauna are marked with one asterisk (*): Ameroseiidae: Ameroseius furcatus (Karg, 1971)*, Epicriopsis cf. palustris (Karg, 1971); Ascidae: Zerconopsis michaeli (Evans & Hyatt, 1960)*, Arctoseius semiscissus (Berlese, 1892)*, Asca aphidioides (Linnaeus, 1758)*, A. bicornis (Canestrini & Fanzago, 1876)*, Antennoseius bacatus (Athias-Henriot, 1961)*; Blattisocidae: Lasioseius sp.; Celaenopsidae: Celaenopsis badius (C. L. Koch, 1839)*; Digamasellidae: Dendrolaelaps sp.; Epicriidae: Epicrius cf. bulgaricus (Balogh, 1958); Laelapidae: Laelaspis astronomicus (Koch, 1839), Cosmolaelaps lutegiensis (Shcherbak, 1971), C. vacua (Michael, 1891), Gaeolaelaps aculeifer (Canestrini, 1884), G. iranicus (Kavianpour & Nemati, 2013), Pseudoparasitus dentatus (Halbert, 1920)*, P. missouriensis (Ewing, 1909)*; Macrochelidae: Macrocheles glaber (Mü ller, 1860)*, Macrolaspis recki (Bregetova & Koroleva, 1960); Macrodinychidae: Macrodinychus bregetovaae (Hirschmann, 1975)*; Melicharidae: Proctolaelaps pygmaeus (Mü ller, 1860)*; Pachylaelapidae: Olopachys caucasicus (Koroleva, 1976)*, Onchodellus karawaiewi (Berlese, 1920)*; Parasitidae: Gamasodes spiniger (Trä gå rdh, 1910)*, Parasitus copridis (Costa, 1963)*; Phytoseiidae: Amblyseius azerbaijanicus (Abbasova, 1970), A. nemorivagus (Athias-Henriot, 1961), A. sp., Typhlodromus bakeri (Garman, 1948); Trachytidae: Trachytes cf. aegrota (C. L. Koch, 1841)*; Trematuridae: Trichouropoda elegans (Kramer, 1882)*, T. ovalis (Koch, 1839)*, Nenteria stylifera (Berlese, 1904)*; Uropodidae: Discourella modesta (Leonardi, 1899), Uropoda fumicola (Schweizer, 1961); Veigaiidae: Veigaia nemorensis (Koch, 1836), V. planicola (Berlese, 1882); Zerconidae: Prozercon norae (Ujvari, 2011), Zercon sp.