Introduction: ASTROCYTOMA is the most common primary brain tumor, which comprises a wide range of neoplasms with different clinical courses. This study was performed to determine some epidemiological and clinical characteristics and treatment results of patients with ASTROCYTOMA. Some presumed prognostic factors were also evaluated.Material and Method: In this descriptive study we evaluated 324 patients with histological proven brain ASTROCYTOMA who were treated in Qaem and Omid hospitals, Mashhad, Between April 1991 and April 2001. Information regarding individual characteristics, age. Sex, clinical presentation, type of treatment and surgery, side effects, imaging finding. Histological grad and follow up were collected.Who classification was used for the uniforming of histological reports. The collected information were analyzcd usin chi-square and Kaplan-Meier tests and and SPSS software.Results: 189 male and 135 female patients entered the study. There were 31 cases with grade I, 118 with grade II, 54 with grade III and 121 cases with grade IV ASTROCYTOMA. The median age for low grade and high-grade ASTROCYTOMAs was 25 and 45 years respectively. The 3-year survival rate for grade I to IV was 94.7%.74.9%, 52.7% and 6.7% respectively.In multivariate analysis, for low grade ASTROCYTOMAs, grade II, age> 50 and biopsy only and for high grade ASTROCYTOMAs, grade IV and biopsy only were associated with adverse prognosis.Conclusion: The survival rate for grade I ASTROCYTOMAs is excellent and for grade II ASTROCYTOMAs is satisfactory. But high grade ASTROCYTOMAs especially gelioblastoma multiform, have dismal prognosis. For both low -and high-grade ASTROCYTOMAs, tumor grade and extent of surgery had significant impact on prognosis. Age over 50 was associated with adverse prognosis for low-grade ASTROCYTOMAs.

Tuberous sclerosis is one of the neurocotaneous syndroms. Clinical feature is mental retardation, seizure disorder, adenoma sebaceum (vogt triad). Prevalence is about 1 per 10000.This article presents 5 patient of tuberous sclerosis that 4 cases are accompaind with sub epandymalgiant cell asterocytoma (rare) and another one only with special nodules of tuberous sclerosis.Microscopic diagnosis shows sub epandymal giant cell ASTROCYTOMA in 4 cases and latest shows sever gliosis in tuberous sclerosis nodouls.All of clinical and microscopic findings were compatible with other authors.

Background and Objective: ASTROCYTOMA is a tumor of neurological origin, arising from special supportive cells in the brain and spinal cord called the astrocytes. ASTROCYTOMA is classified according to grade, site, and molecular features. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between histopathological and clinical parameters and gender, age, location and different grades. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 36 cases of ASTROCYTOMA from April 2017 to June 2020 from the archive of AL Shaheed Gazi AL Hariri Hospital. The cases reached the final diagnosis by H&E staining with 16 cases stained by immunohistochemical stain for confirmation of diagnosis. SPSS was used for analysis. Findings: Thirty-six cases of ASTROCYTOMA were included in this study. Their ages were ranging from 1 to 56 years, with a mean age of 31.43±0.015 years. Assessment of age reveals that the most frequent age (25%) was in the 3rd decade of life. The predominant grades were grade I and grade IV with 11 cases for each (32.5%). Whereas patients of grade II and III compose 10 (27%), and 4 (11%) cases, respectively. The relationship between the age of the patients and their grades shows a positive significant correlation between age and grade (p<0.001), and tumor grade increases with the increase in the age of the patients. Conclusion: The results of the study show that there is a significant relationship between tumor grade and clinical-pathological characteristics, because tumor grade increases with age and is more aggressive in female patients.

Background: Brain tumors include burden of mortality from cancers. High grades of brain tumors are more aggressive and have poor prognosis. Introduction telomeres are the ends of linear chromosomes that serve as a protective cap to avoid permanent proliferation arrest, termed replicative senescence. In vertebrates, telomeres consist of tandem repeats of TTAGGG hexanucleotide sequences. In spite of heterochromatin structure of telomeres, they are transcribed into a non-coding RNA called telomeric repeat-containing RNA or TERRA which acts as a natural inhibitor of telomerase activity. Considering ASTROCYTOMA, as one of the most common tumors of the central nervous system (CNS), and a very poor prognosis tumor, the aim of this study was to evaluate the TERRA expression level in ASTROCYTOMA tumors and nontumoral controls. Furthermore, expression levels of TERRA were compared between different grades of ASTROCYTOMA.Methods: The mRNA of 26 brain tumor samples and 4 samples as nontumoral controls were extracted and cDNA was synthesized. Then, real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (SYBR Green kit) for quantitation of total TERRA levels was developed.Findings: We demonstrated the correlation between total TERRA levels of expression with different grades of ASTROCYTOMA. High grades (III and IV) of ASTROCYTOMA tumors had lower mean of DCt than low grades (II) and down-regulation for TERRA mRNA was 4.377-fold (P=0.036). Additionally, measurement of TERRA expression in ASTROCYTOMA showed 4.969-fold less compared to levels of TERRA expression in nontumoral controls (P=0.029).Conclusion: According to our study, TERRA may be prognostic marker in ASTROCYTOMA tumors.

Retinoblastoma is the most common intraocular neoplasm in children. Glial tumor of the retina and optic nerve head are considered to be congenital and are therefore classified as hamartomas. Concurrent occurrence of these tumors in one eye is uncommon and by reviewing the studies, a few cases have been reported. We report a 9 years old boy with eye enucleation and concurrent occurrence of retinoblastoma and ASTROCYTOMA in one eye as two separate and different masses. Although retinoblastoma and ASTROCYTOMA are two distinct tumors and their concurrent occurrence in one eye is rare, concurrent occurrence of these tumors may suggest differentiation of these two tumors from a neuroectodermal primary cell.