The incipient directive concepts that human being obliged to submission it, configured in the form of "Ethics". Although, conscionable assurance of thought and act is not effective always; but it can be a prelude, justification or measure for legal rules. Again, the actualization of ethics in the context of humorless problems of human being, namely rights and duties, has required definition of universal and acceptable measures and principles for BIOETHICS. For prosperity and practicability, these principles shall be draft in light of harmonies of nations and have consideration to propensity and international impetus to protecting environment as whole. As an important fact, just having legal sanctions will fulfill "pragmatic ethics".

My main question in this article is as follows: "to which extent cultural diversity should be permitted to influence bioethical judgments?" There are cultural heritages, values and traditions which are acceptable and respectable and there are ones which are not so. In this article I concluded that our reasoning based on common ethical sense can guide us through such differentiations. Human dignity as a common notion among most alive cultures and religions thorough the world, can be relied for sketching a plan for further dialogues in this regard.

The term BIOETHICS has many roots, but it is generally considered to mean medical ethics. The application adopted in this paper is somewhat broader and includes environmental ethics and social, biological, and biomedical ethics at the high school and university levels for the disciplines of experimental sciences and biology. It is important that biologists and those who teach biology be aware of the ethical and social consequences of their work and have the intellectual tools to enter into this discussion; therefore, it is necessary to consider the criteria related to BIOETHICS in schools and universities. This program is primarily designed for users of biology and science education but is also open to students in other disciplines. The present review study is based on data collected from Google Scholar, PubMed, and Science Direct search engines and using the keywords BIOETHICS, biology education, biotechnology, and content knowledge pedagogy )PCK( reflects on increasing students› awareness of social and ethical issues. The development of life sciences, especially modern biotechnology, was considered; because the growth and development of students as active, self-regulating, and autonomous individuals who can make informed decisions and moral justification on social issues in the life sciences is very important and practical.

The most fundamental concept in philosophical aspect of BIOETHICS, the “personal identity”, is being reviewed & studied in this article. After reviewing the concept of “person”, the major theories of “personhood” is being briefly expressed, then, the important point of “personal identity in Islamic philosophy in regard of cloning from person to person” is evaluated in accordance with the acceptance or rejection of reincarnation. Furthermore, in expressing the measures of the “personal identity”, three different theories including shared memory, casual dependence and theory of survival have been expressed and each one has been individually studied and analyzed in accordance with the Islamic philosophy. Finally, it is expressed that the “personal identity in Muslim philosophers’ point of view” is nothing but a “personal unity. The soul is the only element that can protect & guard the identity as well as the personality. If cloning is not reincarnation, experiencing it tangibly shall be expected in order to be logically studied as a posterior fact, since the philosophy cannot say anything about the prior facts.

BIOETHICS consists of human conducts that directly and particularly relate to the application of technology in his natural life. Technologies of this kind are distinguished under the title of biotechnology. Biotechnology has indirectly changed the human life through changes made in animal and vegetable lives, while directly affecting his own life too. Therefore, the moral evaluation of biotechnology is very important since the moral perspective is fundamental in light of which other perspectives, such as religious and legal ones, could be interpreted or determined. All aspects of human life – before birth, during his life and after death – fall within the scope of BIOETHICS. These aspects include subject matters such as “infertility treatment”, “abortion”, “organ transplantation”, “human cloning”, “research on human beings”, “vegetable genetic modification”, “animal genetic manipulation”, “concept and criteria of death” and “euthanasia”. In this paper we deal with the scope of BIOETHICS by introducing and analyzing the problems that dominate this field, present and evaluate contending viewpoints in this field, and put forth solutions for a precise approach for the analysis of the problems. Approach to bioethical problems needs to be both free of dogmatism and holistic. Moreover, it is proposed that moral judgements in this field, be presented within a justifiable moral theory whose bases are established at the meta-ethical level, in a clear, sufficient and consistent way.

Background: We are on the verge of being able to transform, manipulate, and create organisms for any number of productive purposes. From medicine, to agriculture, and industries, we are within reach of an age when manipulating the genetic codes of various organisms, or engineering entirely new organisms, promises to alter the way we relate to the natural world. As with any revolutionary technology, anxieties, fears, and moral objections to the promise of genetic engineering abound. Some are well-grounded and suggest caution, while others are the product of misinformation, religious prejudice, or hysteria.Many having this attitude are afraid that the use of the new technology amounts to an inadmissible interference with the life of animals, plants and humans. Given the relative youth of the technology and the tremendous possibilities it offers for improvement of the human condition, as well as the environment in general, careful consideration of ethical implications now can help inform and ensure the future of the genetic engineering era.Provided that it is appropriately regulated, bearing in mind ethical concerns relating to dignity, harmful consequences, and justice, its potential benefits outweigh its harms.Conclusion: Legislators and other responsible decision-makers should not implement regulations that unduly restrict implementation of genetic engineering. The technology should not be completely banned or prohibited, but managed justly to ensure a stable and equitable social structure.

No doubt life in its forms enjoys a very high status in Islam. God Himself is characterised as "the Living". Among the creature, human life is one of the most sacred ones and has the potentiality of becoming the most sacred one. As a result, great attention had been attached to human life to the extent that the respect for human life starts much earlier than actual birth and this continues to the period after death.Though the main aspect of human reality is the spirit, this respect extends to the body as well. Human life must be regulated according to divine instructions, that is, to its best and towards a fully human one.Therefore, it must be appreciated, respected and protected.In this paper, I will study how this protection is regulated in Islamic law and BIOETHICS and what the difference between the legal and the ethical approaches is. Maintenance of physical health and treatment' of the sick are two important aspects of Islamic teachings in this regard. In respect to the beginning of human life, firstly we will see that reproduction must occur in the context of a legitimate and stable family.Secondly we will see how abortion is viewed in Islamic law and BIOETHICS.In respect to the end of life, issues such as heath, suicide and euthanasia will be studied.

Background: Although biotechnology is the science of God’s creation, but potential risks are presented by this technology as well. The magnitude and scope of the consequences to human and animal health and ecosystems may be very serious as the effects are irreversible.  Nations of the Thirld World countries are increasingly faced with the prospect of the introduction into their countries of genetically modified organisms (GMO’s) and products thereof. These will enter the Thirld World countries in greater abaundance as the movement by consumers, manufacturers and retailers in developed countries to reject these GMOs and products thereof. The ethics about this technology and especially environmental biotechnology is distinguished. Intrinsic and extrinsic ethics due to scientific and unapproved  information of the genetic material and … are of  importance.Conclusion: There are countries in the world which their economics depends on modern biotechnology. In many countries unavailability of rules and regulation is the major cause of biopiracy. The existence of International and National Laws and regulations are of the great importance. Neverthless in some countries common rules and regulations are available but they are not specifically for Genetically Modified Organisms from ethical and biosafety point of view.