The task of balancing of assembly lines is well-known in mass production system but this problem is NP-hard even for the simple straight line. Therefore, utilizing heuristic methods for these problems is totally unquestionable. Furthermore, in line with balancing problems, heuristic methods are the foundation of the metaheuristic methods, thus it seems to be necessary to use more efficient heuristic methods. This paper presents a new heuristic method based on the famous critical path method (CPM) for the simple assembly line balancing problem (SALBP) that the only precedence constraints between tasks and cycle time have been considered. In this research regarding the objectives of minimizing the number of workstation, maximizing smoothness index and maximizing line performance, the efficiency of the suggested method and 11 popular methods are compared at SALBP-1. For comparative evaluation, 11 networks are collected from open literature, and are used with different cycle times. On the whole, 40 problems have been solved and it is found that the heuristic method based on critical path is more efficient than the others.

In this article, the design of conformal antennas has been discussed using the characteristic modes (CM) method. For this purpose, the vector wave function(VWF) has been utilized to achieve a twodimensional mapping of the conformal antenna. In designing and analyzing of cone-shaped antennas applicable for multi-input multi-output (MIMO) systems, the most important goal is to achieve a structure with the least correlation coefficient. In order to achieve this goal in these types of antennas, first an appropriate two-dimensional mapping has been selected using the vector wave functions and then its orthogonal characteristic modes have been obtained by the CPM method. In this way, a 4-port conical antenna, whose analysis had many computational problems, was designed; the results obtained from the simulation and the prototype as well as the measurement of this antenna also confirmed the low correlation coefficient (< 0. 001), the gain of about 4. 2 dB in a frequency of 5. 5 GHz, and SWR < 1. 22 in the frequency range of 4. 6 to 6. 6 GHz, indicating a broad bandwidth of around 32%.

Compared to other industrial endeavors the construction industry has the highest percentage rate of injuries and illnesses severely causing construction delays. The Critical Path Method (CPM) scheduling technique was known to control and to monitor construction activities to meet the project deadlines effectively but not to control and to monitor the project in terms of forecasted injuries and illnesses. The researcher proposed to develop a solution by deriving the Safety Factor to manage delays. The Safety Factor originated from the statistics of injuries and illnesses through classification of the annual percentage rate of the construction activities. Five Color Coding Categories were formulated, guiding the users towards early detection of risks level in the CPM diagram, enabling immediate action and lessening the adverse impact to the entire construction process. The research focused on getting back to the normal time schedule as-planned when disruptive injuries and illnesses occurred by using a safety factor. In which, more dynamic CPM techniques were included in the formulation of the Safety Factor, therefore, increasing construction safety and decreasing construction risks. Keywords Critical Path Method; Color Coding; Delay; Injuries and Illnesses; safety factor; Risk Compared to other industrial endeavors the construction industry has the highest percentage rate of injuries and illnesses severely causing construction delays. The Critical Path Method (CPM) scheduling technique was known to control and to monitor construction activities to meet the project deadlines effectively but not to control and to monitor the project in terms of forecasted injuries and illnesses. The researcher proposed to develop a solution by deriving the Safety Factor to manage delays. The Safety Factor originated from the statistics of injuries and illnesses through classification of the annual percentage rate of the construction activities. Five Color Coding Categories were formulated, guiding the users towards early detection of risks level in the CPM diagram, enabling immediate action and lessening the adverse impact to the entire construction process. The research focused on getting back to the normal time schedule as-planned when disruptive injuries and illnesses occurred by using a safety factor. In which, more dynamic CPM techniques were included in the formulation of the Safety Factor, therefore, increasing construction safety and decreasing construction risks. Keywords Critical Path Method; Color Coding; Delay; Injuries and Illnesses; safety factor; Risk Compared to other industrial endeavors the construction industry has the highest percentage rate of injuries and illnesses severely causing construction delays. The Critical Path Method (CPM) scheduling technique was known to control and to monitor construction activities to meet the project deadlines effectively but not to control and to monitor the project in terms of forecasted injuries and illnesses. The researcher proposed to develop a solution by deriving the Safety Factor to manage delays. The Safety Factor originated from the statistics of injuries and illnesses through classification of the annual percentage rate of the construction activities. Five Color Coding Categories were formulated, guiding the users towards early detection of risks level in the CPM diagram, enabling immediate action and lessening the adverse impact to the entire construction process. The research focused on getting back to the normal time schedule as-planned when disruptive injuries and illnesses occurred by using a safety factor. In which, more dynamic CPM techniques were included in the formulation of the Safety Factor, therefore, increasing construction safety and decreasing construction risks.

Process capability indices (PCIs) have been widely used to analyze capability of the process that measures how the customer expectations have been conformed. Two of the well-known PCIs, named indices CPM and CPMk have been developed to consider customers’ ideal value that called target value (T). Although, these indices have similar features of the well-known indices Cp and Cpk, one of the most important differences is to consider T. In real case problems, we need to add some uncertainties related with human’ s evaluations into process capability analysis (PCA). One of the uncertainty modelling methods called neutrosophic sets (NSs), have an important role in modeling uncertainty based on incomplete and inconsistent information. For this aim, the PCIs have been designed by using NSs to manage the uncertainties of systems and to increase sensitiveness, flexibility and to obtain more detailed results of PCA in this paper. For this aim, the indices CPM and CPMk have been performed and re-designed by using single valued neutrosophic numbers for the first time in the literature. Additionally, specification limits (SLs) have been re-considered by using NSs. The neutrosophic state of the SLs provide us to have more knowledge about the process and easily applied for engineering problems that includes uncertainty. Finally, the neutrosophic process capability indices (NPCIs) e. . . CPM and e. . . CPMk have been obtained and the main formulas of them have been produced. Additionally, the proposed e. . . CPM and e. . . CPMk have been applied on real case studies from manufacturing industry. The obtained results show that the indices e. . . CPM and e. . . CPMk include more informative and flexible results to evaluate capability of process.

The CPM (Critical Path Method) technique is used to search out the longest path to do required activities for compressing and cutting back the time it takes for a project, which finally ends up inside the creation of an identical and intensive network of activities inside the targeted work. This formal random simulation study has been recognized as a remedy for the shortcomings that are inherent to the classic critical path technique (CPM) project analysis. Considering the importance of time, the cost of activities within the network, and the rising calculation of the critical path during this study, CPM has been applied to improve critical routing intelligence. By simulating and analyzing dragonfly's splotched and regular patterns, this study has obtained a precise algorithm of attainable paths with the smallest amount of cost and time for every activity. This has been done to reduce the restrictions and enhance the computing potency of classic CPM analysis. The simulation results of using Dragonfly Algorithm (DA) in CPM show the longest path in the shortest amount of time with the lowest cost. This new answer to CPM network analysis can provide project management with a convenient tool.