The purpose of this investigation was to determine the effects of strengthening exercise performed by the DOMINANT leg of the non - athlete students on their non - DOMINANT leg. The sample for this study was from a population of 150 students from the school of agriculture and natural resources. Through the use of demographic and sport questionnaire, a sample of 15 students with mean age of 21.5 years was randomly selected Electric dynamometer was employed to measure the strength of quadriceps muscles in both legs. Before and after 15 sessions of exercise with the non – DOMINANT leg, data were collected Statistical analysis including paired t -test was performed on data. The results of the analysis showed that there was a significant improvement in the strength of the muscles of non - DOMINANT leg (P<0/05). Also. there was a significant cross -limb improvement to the quadriceps muscle of the DOMINANT leg (P<0.05).

Objective: The goal of this research was to compare normal scapular position (protraction, rotation) and lateral scapular test on arm elevation between DOMINANT and non DOMINANT sides. Materials & Methods: Thirty healthy females (age=21.9 years, weight=53.37kg, height =160.60 cm) were chosen by non probability sampling and participated in this cross – sectional and comparative study. Scapular rest positions (protraction and Rotation) were measured by use of Diveta method and scapular asymmetry was assessed by using lateral scapular slide test (Kibler test). Validity and reliability of measurement methods were assessed by determination of ICC and SEM and data were analyzed by use of paired T test. Results: The difference between DOMINANT and non DOMINANT scapular protraction and rotation was not found to be statistically significant (p=0.61, p=0.57).The DOMINANT scapula was found to be more lateral in 2nd and 3rd Kibler tests positions than non DOMINANT scapula (p<0.001). There was no significant difference in lateral scapular slide test between DOMINANT and non DOMINANT sides when the arms were by the side of body (P=0.66). Conclusion: Scapular rest position is influenced by hand dominance.

Background: The purpose of this research was to compare the velocity of the DOMINANT hand and the non-DOMINANT hand in the Gyakozuki technique (with hit and without hit) of elite karate men.Methods: 16 Iranian male karatekas with individual characteristics from the national karate team camp participated in this study. The subjects were asked to perform the Gyakuzuki technique with the DOMINANT hand and the non-DOMINANT hand five times with maximum intensity and strength, hit the shoot fist device. The distance of standing from the device was equal to the length of the upper limb, and the best record of all five performances was considered. It was recorded using a Hero3 digital camera made in the United States (240Hz) in two dimensions. It was filmed at a perpendicular angle to the subject. The peak velocity of the joints (shoulder, elbow, wrist) and the velocity at the moment of the collision were evaluated using Skillspector software. After ensuring the normality of the data using the Shapiro–Wilk test, independent t-tests were used at the level of (p ≤ 0.05) with spss version 22 software.Result: The test results showed a significant difference between peak joint velocity shoulder, elbow, and wrist withthe DOMINANT and non-DOMINANT hand in the with-hit and without-hit method ( p ≤0.05). Also, there was a significant relationship between the velocity of the wrist in contact moment with the DOMINANT and non-DOMINANT hand in the with-hit and without-hit methods ( p ≤0.05).Conclusion: According to the fest result, if a karate man wants to reach to velocity peak with the DOMINANT hand in Gyakuzuki Techniques, he should reinforce the antagonist and stabilizer muscles in the non-DOMINANT hand.

Background and Objective: How brain hemispheres control movement is one the most challenging in neuroscience and is faced with opposite views. Comparing DOMINANT and non DOMINANT hand is of the methods used to investigate hemispheres function. The goal of this study was to compare implicit and explicit motor learning with DOMINANT and non DOMINANT hand.Subjects and Methods: Sixty students of Shahid Beheshti university were divided into two groups (n=15 each): implicit and explicit, participated in this study. One group performed the task with DOMINANT hand and the other with non DOMINANT hand. The task used in this study was Serial Reaction Time Task in which participants in explicit group were aware of the sequences of stimulants and those of implicit group were unaware.Results: Comparing response error and time in regular blocks in explicit and implicit learning tasks with DOMINANT and non DOMINANT hand showed no significant differences except in implicit and explicit learning speed of DOMINANT hand. Speed of explicit learning was higher than in implicit learning (P=0.016).Conclusion: Implicit and explicit motor learning of DOMINANT and non DOMINANT hand are similar. Therefore it may be possible that brain parts involving in implicit learning overlap with those of explicit learning. More explicit learning in right hand may be the result of left hemisphere dominance in explicit learning.