The medical terms currently used are derived from a variety of sources. These terms are often derived from an eponym. Eponyms are a longstanding tradition in medicine. Eponyms usually involve honoring a prominent physician-scientist who played a significant role in identifying the disease or the person who first reported the disease or the area where a disease first broke out in there. Eponyms are sometimes associated with myth, literature, and art. Of course, the mythological, literary, and artistic figures used in medicine as eponyms are mostly related to Greek and Roman mythology and English and German literature. However, without knowing the ancient records of a disease such as Sarsam (delirium), Barsam (pleurisy), Da'alfil (elephantiasis), Da'al-Raqs (chorea), Pisi (Vitiligo), Degg (languish), Zat-ul-reyeh (Pneumonia), and Zat-ul-Janb (pleurisy), one can specialize in medicine, but, recalling of literary and mythological letters, even those that have no practical application today or have been forgotten somewhere in the history of medicine, can soften medical science and allow us to link science and art. In this article, eponyms that are related to the sciences of anatomy and biochemistry are studied based on myth.

The use of eponymous terms in orthopedic trauma surgery is common. In an assessment pre-training versus posttraining at an AO Advanced Elbow Trauma Course, we aimed to report on (1) the accuracy and (2) reliability of 10 common eponymous terms used for surgical approaches and fractures in elbow surgery. Before training, eponyms were described correctly in 38% of questions versus 47% after training. The percentage of correct answers only improved significantly in one question (P<0. 005). A generalized kappa of 0. 37 before training versus 0. 31 after training represents an overall fair reliability of the eponymous terms. In conclusion, the accuracy and reliability of eponymous terms used in elbow surgery is disappointing. Moreover, this type of standardized training format does not seem to improve the knowledge of eponymous terms of experienced trauma-and orthopedic surgeons. Therefore, we suggest considering descriptive terms or standardized fracture classifications instead of eponymous terms.

Ten years ago, as much as 80 mL Gadolinium (Gd) chelate was reported to be injected for MR angiography (MRA) in various publications. A drastic reduction of Gd chelate volumes has been observed in further publications, owing to new MR angiographic techniques, such as TRICKS where the amount of contrast does not exceed 0.5 mmol/kg body weight. Consecutively to the publication of several cases of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis, a dramatic consequence of Gd chelate injection, manufacturers have developed noncontrast MRA sequences. These sequences have several eponyms belonging to each manufacturer. The advantages of these sequences are the total avoidance of contrast medium injection. The drawbacks are the limited field-of-view and the absence of functional information upon parenchymal perfusion. Nevertheless, the large diagnostic perspectives of these sequences in patients with severe renal kidney diseases deserve major attention.

Conceptualization for new findings is the main aim of science and technology development. Sometimes new concepts are pathfinders for science and starting fundamental revolutions in science. An important area in scientology or scientific studies is the concept and term field, so terminology and its effect on science and technology is one of the most important subjects in the last decade. Standardization in scientific terms (scientific term selection) is one of the strongest terminology methods. These methods break down the terms to their meaningful parts or use prevalent terms, which are common among people or use eponyms and abbreviation processes, and finds the appropriate equivalent for them. The word parts are prefixes, suffixes and stems. In medical sciences, terms are mostly originated from Latin stems, so this method could be extremely efficient in these fields. The terminology committee of Persian Academy studied the highly frequent prefixes, suffixes and stems to help the standardization of terminology in medical sciences. This research introduces methods of term selection, some approved terms and their Persian equivalents. Term selection for medical terms is not an obligatory rule, but is a proposal for meeting the researchers need to strength Persian language as a scientific language.