Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a serious pregnancy complication that can affect various organs and organ systems of the mother and fetus. In diabetic mothers, increased blood glucose delivery to the fetus leads to fetal hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia, which promotes the growth of insulin-dependent organs such as the liver. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to more precisely estimate the association between GDM and fetal liver length (FLL). Methods: Six electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, ProQuest, Cochrane, and Wiley) were searched up to Aug 2023. Two reviewers independently extracted data and assessed the risk of bias using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale. The pooled weighted and standardized mean differences in FLL were calculated using random-effects models. Heterogeneity, subgroup analysis, and publication bias were also assessed using funnel plots. All statistical analyses were performed using Stata Version 16.0. Results: Twelve articles were included in the final meta-analysis. GDM was associated with increased FLL, as assessed by ultrasound, in both the second (SMD=1.56; 95% CI: 1.04, 2.08; P<0.001) and third (SMD=0.84; 95% CI: 0.07, 1.61; P<0.001) trimesters of pregnancy. The pooled mean difference in FLL between the GDM and non-GDM groups was 4.85 mm (WMD=4.85; 95% CI: 3.26, 6.45), indicating larger liver size in fetuses from mothers with GDM. Conclusion: GDM is a significant risk factor for increased FLL, as assessed by ultrasound, which may reflect fetal overgrowth and metabolic dysfunction.

Ovarian cancer remains a leading cause of gynecological cancer mortality due to late diagnosis and limited therapeutic options. Fructus Ligustri Lucidi (FLL), a traditional Chinese medicinal herb, exhibits multiple pharmacological activities, but its anti-ovarian cancer potential remains underexplored. A network pharmacology approach integrating TCMSP, SuperTCM, GeneCards, and STRING databases identified potential FLL bioactives and their ovarian cancer-related targets. Cytoscape and CytoHubba revealed key hub genes. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses were performed to elucidate biological pathways. Molecular docking assessed binding affinities of phytoconstituents with HSP90AA1, SRC, and STAT3. TIMER and GEPIA evaluated gene expression, immune infiltration, and survival relevance. Finally, in vitro analyses, including MTT, Annexin V/PI staining, and Western blotting, validated FLL’s cytotoxic and molecular effects on SKOV3 ovarian cancer cells. Results: Seven active FLL compounds were identified, targeting 162 intersecting genes, including HSP90AA1, SRC, and STAT3. KEGG enrichment highlighted the PI3K-Akt and MAPK signaling pathways. Molecular docking revealed high binding affinities of phytochemicals with hub targets. TIMER analysis indicated that SRC and STAT3 expression correlate with reduced immune infiltration. GEPIA showed upregulation of SRC and STAT3 in tumors and stage-specific expression, though not prognostic. In vitro, FLL reduced SKOV3 viability and induced both early and late apoptosis. Western blotting showed dose-dependent suppression of HSP90AA1 (88% to 12%), SRC (80% to 43%), and STAT3 (66% to 43%) expression. FLL exhibits multi-targeted anti-ovarian cancer effects through modulation of key oncogenic pathways and genes. These findings support its potential as a natural therapeutic agent for ovarian cancer management.

One of the critical components for the efficient operation of single-phase grid-connected converters is the synchronization unit. This paper presents a fast and adaptive phase-locked loop (PLL) structure that ameliorates the dynamic response of the estimated frequency and amplitude for grid-connected single-phase power systems. The second-order generalized integrator (SOGI) with a novel frequency-locked loop (FLL) is utilized which contains a DC offset rejection loop. The proposed method not only eliminates the transient response of the estimated frequency which is produced by FLL in grid voltage phase angle jumps, but also improves the PLL dynamic characteristics. The whole system has been simulated in MATLAB Simulink environment where a very small settling time for the estimated frequency of the FLL has been achieved. Therefore, it will improve the whole dynamic parameters of the system. Based on the simulation results, the settling time for the estimated frequency and amplitude are 22 ms and 10 ms, respectively.

A multi objective Honey Bee Mating Optimization (HBMO) designed by online learning mechanism is proposed in this paper to optimize the double Fuzzy-Lead-Lag (FLL) stabilizer parameters in order to improve low-frequency oscillations in a multi machine power system. The proposed double FLL stabilizer consists of a low pass filter and two fuzzy logic controllers whose parameters can be set by the proposed multi objective optimization process. A multilayer adaptive network is employed to design the fuzzy logic controller with selflearning capability that does not require another controller to tune the fuzzy inference rules and membership functions. In the proposed online learning algorithm, two artificial neural networks are employed which this system makes the FLL stabilizer adaptive to changes in the operating conditions. Therefore, variation in the power system response, under a wide range of operating conditions, is less compared to the system response with a fixed-parameter conventional controller. The effectiveness of the proposed stabilizer has been employed by simulation studies. The effectiveness of the proposed stabilizer is demonstrated on Two-Area Four-Machine (TAFM) power system under different loading conditions.

Because of the commitment between the large-scale photovoltaic power plants and the main grid to cope with different low voltage conditions in the grid, Low Voltage Ride Through (LVRT) capability of such plants is necessary. Handling this situation is more challenging when the main grid is under unbalanced conditions.  In this paper, a new LVRT approach is proposed to reduce oscillations in this situation. To this end, the simultaneous positive, negative, and zero sequences control (PNZSC) method is proposed to provide a suitable reference current for eliminating oscillations of the active power, and similarly to reduce voltage oscillations of the DC side. The zero sequence control is achieved through proper inverter switching.Also, this method limits the inverter output current to the maximum rated value. A Dual Second Order Generalized Integrator - Frequency Locked Loop (DSOGI-FLL) is used for better synchronizing of the inverter to the grid, in asymmetric faults. Besides, an interleaved DC-DC converter and a Neutral Point Clamped (NPC) Inverter are used to reduce Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) and losses. The performance of the proposed approach is confirmed using simulation of different possible scenarios in MATLAB/Simulink environment.

The experiment undertaken in this study focused on testing the hypothesis that the context or activity through which language learning takes place and specific FL forms that learners are expected to learn may be possible causes of variation in the learner's performance. This study, thus, investigated the possible causes of variation in intermodal transfer, a process which is believed to be partly responsible for foreign language learning (FLL). An almost linguistically homogenous sample of sixty subjects was randomly selected out of 1500 newly accepted university students in Islamic Azad University- Shahrekord Branch. The subjects were chosen from a variety of majors such as Persian Literature, Sociology, History, Public Administration, Educational Administration, Preschool Education, Nursing, Civil Engineering, Geography, and General sciences. They were assigned to two groups, each receiving exposure to the English language forms in focus through a different context: Group A through conversational activities and group B through writing activities. The language elements studied were eight English forms non-existent in the learners' L1 (Persian). The results supported the hypothesis that knowledge of FL forms not present in L1 learned through writing contexts/activities is more readily transferable to other contexts than the same knowledge learned through conversational contexts/activities.The possible causes of such variation in the learners' performances were discussed along with implications of the findings for FLL studies and EFL pedagogical purposes.

This paper deals with the problems related to power stability issues in the isolated wind-solar based renewable energy system. The stability issues in such system are produced mainly due to unbalanced loading, distortion of load current and intermittent nature of renewable energy sources. To overcome these problems, A voltage source converter (VSC) is used in proposed literature. The VSC is driven using a time domain-based signal decomposition algorithm consisting a 3-phase dual reduced order generalized integrators frequency Locked loop (DROGI-FLL). The 3 phase DROGI FLL has the inherent abilities of noise rejection and error tracking, which improves the system stability and maintains the voltage and frequency of the system constant under transient conditions. The transient conditions are simulated by varying the loading condition, solar irradiance and wind speed in the system. Apart from stability issues this system also deals with the issues related to reactive composition, natural current compensation and operation of SPV system at maximum power point (MPP). A perturb and observe (P&O) maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is employed for the working of solar photovoltaic systems (SPV) system at MPP and to maximize the utilization of renewable energy. The neutral current compensation is achieved by using a star-double delta transformer.  This entire system is developed and tested in the MATLAB/SIMULINK environment.