Within the pasr few decades, psychological criticism has become an integral part of literary criticism, paving the way for a proper understanding literary texts. The analysis of authors’,emotional and psychological condition is of prime significance in this regard. Sigmund Freud, the founder of modern psychology, postulated three levels of human awareness: the preconscious, the conscious, and the unconscious which are tinged with sexual and aggressive impulsesThe psychological make up is composed of the ego, the id, and the super ego which constitute the core of an individual’, s personality. The Game of FORGETFULNESS (1987) is one of the most important novels written by Muhammad Barada and has been subject to numerous studies by scholars from various fields. This paper studies the presentation of grief and psychological conflict in characters’,social relations. The main theme in the novel concerns the psychological condition of some family members after the death of their mother, and the problems and difficulties they meet in the society. A psychological analysis sheds light on their preocupation with depression, grief, psychological conflict, and nostalgia which are symptomatic of Barada’, s society. The characters suffer from obsessions, ailments, and anguish caused by disasters and mischeifs.

Background & Purpose: Today, the classical structures and approaches of organization and management have often lost their effectiveness in the face of increasing environmental changes, and organizations are forced to abandon and forget these traditional approaches. The purpose of this study is to identify the antecedents and consequences of purposeful organizational FORGETFULNESS using a meta-analysis approach. Methodology: The present study is developmental in terms of purpose and descriptive regarding method. The study population consists of scientific articles and master’s theses in the field of targeted organizational forgetting from 2011 to 2020, from which 45 cases were entered through meta-analysis process with a non-random purposive sampling method. The selected studies were analyzed using CMA2 software. The reliability of the research includes the reliability of identification that was obtained through the agreement of the referees in selecting and categorizing the researches, the reliability of coding was achieved through the agreement of the referees on the use of specific concepts for coding variables, and the reliability of significant level and effect size was gained through an agreement in measuring the effect size between the two meta-analysts. Findings: Findings suggested that the variables of information technology, organizational learning, knowledge management, organizational intelligence, transformational leadership and servant leadership have the highest impact factor among the antecedents, and variables of organizational change, staff empowerment, knowledge management, organizational learning, organizational agility and organizational performance have the highest impact factor among the consequences of targeted organizational FORGETFULNESS. Conclusion: By using the antecedents identified in the present study, organizations can take steps to break the dependence on their outdated habits, structure, knowledge and technology, and be ready to accept changes and new approaches in the field of organization.

Organizational learning is often dependent on organizational forgetting processes; That is, organizations that intend to make changes in themselves often have to forget the old knowledge that has limited them in the past, and in this context, mental modeling will be helpful. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to remove the obstacles of forgetting ineffective knowledge and old procedures in public organizations so that organizations can create the ground for inducing innovation, new opportunities, renewing organizational routines, and decisions. This research is applied-developmental in terms of purpose, and its strategy is exploring mentalities (Q research methodology). In order to collect the discourses, interviews were conducted with 6 managers of public organizations, as well; library documents (theoretical bases) were also used. The participants in Q ranking were the managers of the public organizations of Mashhad, out of which 30 people were selected in a non-random and purposeful way and 20 people agreed to cooperate. The findings of the research show seven types patterns including, weak organizational maturity, weak organizational memory, tendency to stagnation and lack of organization agility, attachment to the past and low absorption capacity, weakness of human capital, resistance to delearning and lack of creative thinking in the organization. It shows as factors preventing organizational FORGETFULNESS from the point of view of managers of government organizations in Mashhad. In this regard, weak organizational maturity is the dominant mentality that has been identified, which is an important obstacle in the path of organizational oblivion due to the lack of culture of change, lack of expertise and knowledge of employees, lack of support from the senior management of the organization, and lack of proper performance evaluation.

The aim of this study was to present a causal model of factors affecting the formation of organizational FORGETFULNESS in public organizations using structural equations. The method of conducting the present study is descriptive (non-experimental) and the correlational research design is of structural equation type with least partial squares method. Participants in the present study included managers and experts of government organizations in Tehran. According to Cochran's formula, 234 managers and experts of government organizations in Tehran were selected as the statistical sample using simple random sampling. The standard questionnaire of Huang et al. (2018) and Yeh et al. (2020) were used to measure the research variables. This questionnaire consists of 24 items. Questions were measured based on a five-point Likert scale (strongly disagree = 1 to strongly agree = 5). The internal consistency coefficient of this questionnaire was 0. 85 using Cronbach's alpha. Findings indicate that the impact factor of knowledge management and experienced manpower on promoting organizational resilience and interpersonal communication is significant at the level of (0. 01). Also, promoting organizational resilience and interpersonal communication have a significant effect on random and targeted organizational FORGETFULNESS, and meritocracy plays a moderating role in the organizational FORGETFULNESS model. The results showed that 29% of the variance of organizational resilience promotion, 78% of interpersonal communication, 69% of random organizational FORGETFULNESS and 55% of targeted organizational FORGETFULNESS are explained by the research model.

Infallibility is one of the important characteristics of the divine prophet and caliph, and there are differences between theorists in its scope or scope. The Prophet is necessarily qualified with infallibility in order to guarantee the accurate and correct delivery of divine messages to human beings. Therefore, the question of this research is whether the limits of this infallibility extend to the ordinary affairs of life or their governing and social affairs? The Prophet of Islam consulted with the companions in the administration of his government and sometimes accepted the opinions of the companions. Since the companions did not have infallibility, can such decisions be considered infallible? The research method is descriptive-analytical and based on library resources. The findings of the research show that the occurrence of inadvertence in social and political affairs should not be compared with individual affairs, the Prophet according to the existing conditions after consulting with the companions chose the best solution.

Background and objective: Organizational FORGETFULNESS is one of the variables affecting knowledge absorption capacity, because if the phenomenon of organizational FORGETFULNESS affects the existing knowledge of the organization and causes its loss, it can weaken the absorption capacity. The aim of this study is to identify the causes and contexts of the formation of the phenomenon of organizational FORGETFULNESS in government organizations. This study tries to examine the roots of the formation of this issue, to discover its consequences, and therefore to develop operational strategies to mitigate the negative consequences. Method: The method of data collection in this study is in-depth interviews with experts. Twenty interviewees were selected based on saturation limit in this study. The data obtained from the interview were analyzed through data theory. Findings: Findings showed; Causal conditions include intra-organizational components such as organizational culture and personality, defective knowledge management cycle, employee inadequacies and job situation difficulties, and extra-organizational components such as political pressures on the organization. Also, good governance and organizational independence are the main stakeholders and effective cultural dimensions, organizational assets, internal processes and systemic components should be considered as the main background conditions. Conclusion: The results showed that; Organizational FORGETFULNESS is an event with positive and negative consequences, and we need to use short-term and long-term strategies to correct negative consequences and reinforce positive consequences.

Introduction: Many people with amnesia would like to try herbal therapies. Ginkgo biloba is one of the most popular herbs which is used to treat amnesia. The beneficial effects of this plant, however, has not been scientifically assessed yet. Although, there have been some reports on the memory enhancement effect of Ginkgo biloba, the mechanism of its action is not yet explained well. Considering the role of glutaminergic system in learning and memory, the current study was intended to investigate the role of NMDA receptors in the effect of Ginkgo biloba intake on amnesia.Methods: The study used passive avoidance method to investigate the effect of dried extracts of Ginkgo biloba (40 milligram pills) on the memory span of male Wistar rats, suffering from MK801-induced FORGETFULNESS (NMDA receptor antagonist). ANOVA was used to evaluate the results.Result: Ginkgo biloba was able to remove MK801-induced FORGETFULNESS (P<0/001) indicating that the extract can affect learning and memory, using pathways other than glutaminergic system.Conclusion: The results might indicate that Ginkgo extract can be effective in treating non-acute amnesia caused by inhibiting NMDA receptors.

Among the tangible beings of this world, only man can change his true identity. It means to elevate it or cause it to stagnate and fall. Also, it is only human who can find himself or neglect himself and forget himself with present conscious knowledge. In the correct Islamic view, it is not possible to accurately and correctly know a human being without considering his relationship with God, because the existence of a human being is the same as the relationship with God, and separating him from God obscures his real identity, and this separation and unity of him from the original Self-existence is referred to as "FORGETFULNESS" or "alienation" in the language of the Qur'an. If verse 19 of Surah Hashr refers to the same meaning. Leading research is one of the applied researches in the field of Quran studies. which has analyzed and explained the nature of the relationship between God's FORGETFULNESS and selfalienation by emphasizing verse 19 of Surah Hashr.

Behavioral disorders refer to acute deviant behaviors characterized by either depressive or aggressive actions. Such behaviors are typically disfavored by others, yet the actor derives satisfaction from them. This exploratory-analytical study seeks to establish an epistemological linkage between inductive data from human sciences and interpretive Quranic evidence. In its initial step, this inquiry explicates four general approaches under the umbrella of human knowledge-based perspectives concerning the origins of these disorders: biological, psychoanalytic, behavioral, and humanistic. After delineating and critically evaluating these views, the study explicates an Islamic Quran-based theory concerning the underlying environments and origins of these disorders. The findings indicate that while each of the four approaches partially explains the origins of behavioral disorders, none provides a comprehensive argument. From the Qur'anic perspective, the most fundamental cause of behavioral disorders is FORGETFULNESS of God (ghaflah). The consequence of such heedlessness is neglecting the precious essence of human existence and the principal objectives of creation, leading ultimately to behavioral abnormalities. The objective of this research is to present a reasoned, comprehensive, and Quranic approach for behavioral science researchers toward identifying and explaining the factors and backgrounds of these disorders within the human functional system, thereby opening a new avenue in this field.