Cluster C in Fig. 1-1 is particularly distinct and monophyletic. It was named Haptocillium W. Gams & Zare and typified by H. balanoides (Drechsler) Zare & W. Gams (GAMS & ZARE 2001 - part 3). The generic distinction of Haptocillium is supported by 97% Jackknife value as a monophyletic group based on parsimony analysis of ribosomal RNA sequences (see parts 1 & 2). It is regarded as belonging to the Cordyceps ophioglossoides clade (SUNG et al. 2001 - part 2). A cladogram (Fig. 6-1), based on sequences of the ITS regions and the 5.8S gene of the nuclear ribosomal DNA, shows the relationships of the seven recognized species. ...

The monotypic Genus Fulmekiola Karny of Thrips Genus-group (Thripidae: Thripinae) is recorded in Iran for the first time. This is the sixth member of this group recorded from Iran after Microcephalothrips (one species), Sphaerothrips (one species), Stenchaetothrips (2 species), Stenothrips (one species) and Thrips (35 species). Diagnostic characters and the geographical distribution of the newly recorded thrips, Fulmekiola serrata (Kobus) are provided along with an updated key to genera of the Iranian Thripsgroup.

The GenusThymus L. belongs to the Lamiaceae family, consist of about 215 species of herbaceous perennials and small shrubs in the world. They originated from Mediterranean region. This Genus is presented in Iranian flora by 14 species, including: T. daenensis, T. carmanicus, T. fallax, T. persicus, T. trautvetteri, T. migricus, T. kotschyanus, T. pubesens, T. nummularius, T. transcaspicus, T. eriocalyx, T. caucasicus, T. transcaucasicus, and T. fedtschenkoi. Thyme is an aromatic and medicinal herb that has been widely used in folk medicine, food preservatives and pharmaceutical preparations. Overall, this Genus is one of the most popular plants throughout the entire world due to its volatile constituents. Thymol and carvacrol are the major compounds in most of the Thymus essential oils. The therapeutic potential of thyme rests on contents of thymol, carvacrol, flavonoids, eugenol, aliphatic phenols as well as luteolin, saponins, and tetra methoxylated flavones. The essential oil of thyme has antibacterial, antiseptic, antifungal, anti-parasitic and antioxidant activity.

A transitive subgroup $G\leq S_n$ is called a Genus $g$ group if there exist non identity elements $x_1,...,x_r\in G$ satisfying $G=\langle x_1,x_2,...,x_r\rangle$, $\prod_{i=1}^r {x_i}=1$ and $\sum_{i=1}^r ind\, x_i=2(n+g-1)$. The Hurwitz space $\mathcal{H}^{in}_{r,g}(G)$ is the space of Genus $g$ covers of the Riemann sphere $\mathbb{P}^1\mathbb{C}$ with $r$ branch points and the monodromy group $G$. Isomorphisms of such covers are in one to one correspondence with Genus $g$ groups.In this article, we show that $G$ possesses Genus one and two group if it is diagonal type and acts primitively on $\Omega$. Furthermore, we study the connectedness of the Hurwitz space $\mathcal{H}^{in}_{r,g}(G)$ for Genus 1 and 2.