Background and Aims: Based on case studies obtained from Achenauch System of Empirically Based Assessment (ASEBA), the present study examined comorbidity of attention deficit Hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) with externalizing and internalizing difficulties in children.Materials and Methods: After psychiatric diagnosis of the disorder, comprehensive data were gathered by using DSM-IV Questionnaire (in view of parent & teachers), Conners' Rating Scales (parent and teachers forms) and Goldstein Childhood History Form.15 subjects were selected for case studies among clinical samples. The results of Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) (empirically based and DSM-IV based scales) were reported.Results: The findings of the study indicated a high comorbidity of ADHD with externalizing and internalizing difficulties. The comorbidity of ADHD with Conduct disorder (CD), Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) and aggressive behaviors were significant.Conclusion: The findings have been discussed with regard to the related previous studies. This study has some implications for studying comorbid conditions in large scale studies based on robust psychiatric diagnosis. Additionally, the necessity of considering comorbid conditions in diagnosis and treatment approaches of ADHD has been emphasized.

Introduction: Attention-deficit/Hyperactivity disorders (ADHD) affect ~ 5% of school –aged children. This condition is associated commonly with difficulties in learning, behaviore, and psychosocial adjustment that persist into adulthood. Mounting evidence suggests that a lack of certain polyunsaturated fatty and stress oxidatie may contribute to neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders such as ADHD.Methods: In this clinical trial study, 100, 6-12 years old, children with ADHD under effective maitenance therapy were assigned randomly, in a double-blind-fashion, to receive Omega-3 fatty acids (635 mg Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), 195mg Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)) or placebo for 8 weeks. Outcome variables included activity of enzyme gelotatiun redoctase (GR), catalase (CAT) and superoxid dismutase (SOD) and abbreviated conners 10-item parent rating scale (CPRS), before and after supplementation.Results: After 8 weeks supplementation a significant difference was observed in activity of SOD, GR enzymes (P<0.05) but there was no significant difference between groups at activity of CAT at the end of intervention. Furthermore, a significant improvement was seen in CPRS score in omega-3 group.Conclusion: This study suggested that fatty acids supplementation may offer a safe efficacious treatment option for Hyperactivity problems in ADHD and reduction of oxidative stress.