Background: In Iran, nearly 530,000 intentional abortions take place every year. Intentional or criminal abortions make up nearly a third of all abortions, which is a significant number. In order to improve the mortality rate of pregnant mothers and reduce unsafe abortions, it is necessary to identify key causes of abortion. This study was conducted to investigate the factors affecting induced abortions, allowing for the development of effective solutions for policy-making based on the results.  Methods: The present study was carried out using the scoping review method in 2023. This scoping review assessed articles related to the causes of induced abortion from 2003 to 2023 searched in English language databases, including Springer, PubMed, Web of Science, Emerald, ScienceDirect, and Scopus, as well as Persian electronic databases, including Magiran and SID, and the Google Scholar search engine. The data were analyzed qualitatively through content analysis and coded using MAXQDA software, version 20.  Results: In this study, factors affecting induced abortion were categorized as predisposing factors, enabling factors, and need factors associated with the use or non-use of health services. Conclusion: The effective factors in fertility are the society’s culture, as well as environmental, social, economic, political, and religious factors that determine fertility and abortion within the society. At the micro level, personal motives, people’s attitudes, and their perceptions can affect people’s behavior.

The response of climate to perturbations in GHGs is location dependent. Six experiments: control (CTRL); double CH4; double CO2; double N2O; halved CFC11 and halved CFC12 were carried out to reveal the local area response to different GHGs levels in the atmosphere over West Africa. Double CH4, CO2 and N2O generally induce wetness but they also induce localized dryness at the hilly and mountainous areas of SW Ghana, Central Nigeria, Northern Cameroon and South-eastern Central African Republic. Increase in ground temperature is induced by double GHGs with intensified warming at the north by double CO2. However, patches of cooling are induced at the north. Changes in specific humidity induced by double CO2, CH4 and N2O are similar. Intensified tropical easterly jet is induced by double GHGs. A dipole anomaly of wind with positive at the lower latitude and negative at higher latitude is induced at the northern part of West Africa. Significant reduction in cloud water content is induced from 900 to 400 hPa and 0 and 15oN.

A miodarone, an effective iodine-rich antiarrhythmic drug, frequently causes either changes in thyroid function tests or clinical thyroid dysfunction. Both amiodarone-induced thyrotoxicosis (AIT) and amiodarone-induced hypothyroidism (AIH) have an overall incidence of approximately 14- 18%, and AIT being most common in iodinedeficient areas, AIH in iodine-sufficient areas. Both dysfunctions may develop either in apparently normal thyroid glands or in glands with preexisting abnormalities (either nodular goiter or thyroid autoimmune disease). The most important pathogenic mechanisms of AIT include excess iodine-induced thyroid hormone synthesis (type I AIT) and amiodarone (or iodine) - related destructive thyroiditis (type II AIT), but mixed forms involving both pathogenic mechanisms are likely more frequent than previously believed. AIT is a therapeutic challenge, because rapid restoration of euthyroidism is warranted in patients with underlying cardiac disorders. Treatment of choice for type I AIT is represented by the concomitant administration of thionamides and potassium perchlorate, whereas steroids are the most useful tool for type II AIT. Mixed (or, better, undefined) forms of AIT should be treated with a combination of thionamides, potassium perchlorate and glucocorticoids. Radioiodine therapy is usually not feasible owing to low thyroidal radioiodine uptake due to iodine load, while thyroidectomy can be performed in cases resistant to medical therapy or in those patients requiring a rapid control of thyrotoxicosis after a short course with iopanoic acid to restore normal serum T3 levels. Thyroid ablation is usually required in type I and undefined AIT, also because this allows safe reinstitution of amiodarone treatment, if needed; follow-up without treatment is sufficient in most patients with type II AIT, who usually remain euthyroid or may develop hypothyroidism after reexposure to iodine load.