BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: In infertility without suffering tubal factor, IUI is the choice therapeutic method. Some studies recommended double IUI for every cycle. Since double IUI needs more laboratory materials and more expenses, so in this study it was tried to evaluate pregnancy rate in infertile couples after single and double IUI.METHODS: This clinical trial study was performed on infertile couples referred to Fatemeh Alzahra or Babol Clinic hospital for IUI cycles. Patients divided into two groups. In the first group, 36 hours after HCG injection, IUI was done as a single protocol and in the other group; IUI was done 24 & 72 hours after HCG injection as double protocol. Then data were analyzed by fishers exact test.FINDINGS: Two hundred and fifteen women participated in our study and their mean age was 26.02±5.5 and the mean (±SD) duration of infertility was 3.73 (±2.75) years. In the first group, pregnancy rate was 16.9% and in second group it was 19.6% without any significant difference between two groups. Also, there was no significant difference between groups in pregnancy rate with different etiology of infertility.CONCLUSION: Some studies recommended that double IUI is more successful than single IUI But present findings suggest that there is no difference in pregnancy rate between single IUI and double IUI.

Objective: IUI is frequently used as a first line strategy in the treatment of infertile couples because of its relatively low cost and simplicity. Unfortunately, this cooperation without considering enough standard laboratory equipments, materials, and methods leads to unexpected and risky results which are not desirable. Because of preventing undesirable results it should be done in the hands of expert and knowledgeable persons. As it can be performed efficiently in the office and does not require sophisticated equipment (but standard) for diseases such as endometriosis, male infertility and anovulation. Predictive sperm parameters and threshold values with respect to semen characteristics for successful intrauterine insemination have been controversial; although the world health organization’s reference values for semen analysis are often use to assess sperm quality. More often pregnancies which are not successful with IUI have been achieved in sub fertile couples with sperm parameters below reference values listed in the W.H.O. manual. One of the most important parameters in a successful IUI is the precise knowledge of cooperative lab. About the full structure and morphology of sperm The sample should be processed under standard conditions to avoid using all the negative parameters and shocks, in order to gaining a desirable outcome. Sperm processing techniques for IUI vary from laboratory to laboratory and even from patient to patient. IUI has been used with variable success for the treatment of numerous indications in the infertile couples. Accordingly several semen parameters have been essential for successful IUI as mentioned below: 1. the semen should have the minimal reference values of W.H.O. 2. T.S.M. In the first and processed sample has important prospective. 3. Material and method should be standard and done in a standard lab. 4. Speed and forward progression percentage of sperms. 5. Making the right decision for choosing ether of swim up or gradient method for sperm processing. 6. Knowing the probable defects on a fetus due to laboratory mistakes. Materials and Methods: Prospective studyResults: there should be a permanent observation and contribution between the lab responsible for IUI and responsible performed IUI clinicsConclusion: without consideration of obligate steps for IUI, there might be the risk of genetic defects in the children who were born after such IUI performances.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Infertility is an important social problem that involves 10% to 15% of the couples. There are different diagnostic and therapeutic methods for infertility including laparoscopy. The aim of this study was to assess the laparoscopy results in infertile women with pregnancy failure after IUI (Intra Uterine Insemination). METHODS: This study was performed on records of infertile patients with pregnancy failure after IUI in Fatemeh Zahra and Babol Clinic infertility centers from 1997 to 2004. Data including pelvic adhesions, unilateral or bilateral tubal obstruction, endometriosis, PCO, endometrioma and normal findings were recorded in the questionnaire.FINDINGS: In this study, laparoscopy was done on 98 cases. Mean age of patients (aged 18-46 years) was 29.31±6.32 years. Forty seven cases (48%) had a normal laparoscopy and 51 (52%) patients had pathologies including PID in 19 (19.3%), cystectomy in 4 (4%), myomectomy in 2 (2%), appendectomy in 1 (1%), cesarean section in 3 (3%), D&C in 8 (8.1%) and ectopic pregnancy in 1 (1%) and abortion in 18 (18.4%). In all cases of infertility 8 (8.2%) patients showed adhesions in laparoscopy while 4 (4.1%) had bilateral tubal obstruction, 14 (14.3%) unilateral tubal obstruction, 14 (14.3%) endometriosis, 22 (22.4%) PCO and 4 (4.1%) endometrioma.CONCLUSION: The results showed that nearly in half of cases, laparoscopy result was normal in infertile women after IUI and only in some cases led to a change in the method of treatment.

Background: Sperm chromatin integrity assessment has been suggested as fertility predictor. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between the results of sperm chromatin structure assay (SCSA) and the outcome of intrauterine insemination IUI.Materials and Methods: A total of 576 consecutive couples undergoing IUI were included and IUI was performed. SCSA results were expressed as DNA fragmentation index (DFI) before and after processing.Reproductive outcome parameters were biochemical pregnancy (BP), clinical pregnancy (CP) and delivery (D).Results: The average of DFI before processing was significantly higher than those of DFI after processing (p<0.001). DFI was negatively correlated to sperm concentration, sperm total motility, type A and B motility and sperm morphology before processing and also, between DFI before and after processing.Conclusion: SCSA is a useful method for prediction of the outcome of IUI.

Introduction: One of the causes of infertility is due to male factors (Sperm count, sperm motility and morphology). Male factor infertility may be due to disorders in the number of spermatozoa, sperm motility or sperm morphology. Intrauterine insemination (IUI) is routinely used to help couples with male factor infertility. The criteria used to evaluate semen quality include sperm concentration, sperm motility and the percentage of sperm with normal morpho-logy. Several studies have been done on motility and sperm concentration but few studies have been done on sperm morphology. In this study, we evaluated IUI success rates in normal sperm morphologies that were greater or fewer than 5% in the Northern part of Iran (Mazandaran(.Materials & Methods: This analytical study was performed on patients referred to two infertility centers in Babol after ovulation induction. After collecting sperm specimens from the cases, the samples were kept in sterile tubes and then they were washed and swum up before performing IUIs. Sperm concentration, motility and morphology were evaluated according to NAFA and ESHRE-SIGA criteria (2002). Statistical analysis was done by SPSS software using logistic regression, paired t-tests and Fisher’s exact test. A p–value < 0.05 was considered significant.Results: Out of 561 patients, IUIs were successful in 103 (20.2%) patients with normal sperm morphology greater than 5% and in 4 (7.7%) patients with normal sperm morphology fewer than 5%; the difference being statistically significant (p<0.05). In 504 cases with sperm concentrations greater than 20 million/ml, IUI success rates in subjects with normal sperm morphology greater than 5 % were significantly higher than cases with normal sperm morphology fewer than 5% (21.4:5.6), (p<0.01). In 543 cases with sperm motility greater than 50%, IUI success rates were significantly higher in patients with normal sperm morphology greater than 5% compared to the cases with normal sperm morphology fewer than 5% (20.5:8.3), (p<0.05(.Conclusion: It seems that normal sperm morphology >5% is an important and effective factor in IUI outcomes and normal sperm morphology, alongside sperm counts and normal motility, has an essential role in increasing pregnancy rates. Therefore, it is suggested that in addition to sperm counts and motility, evaluations of sperm morphology be included in the work up too.

Background: There are several techniques to manage sub fertility through which, Intrauterine Insemination (IUI) is on first step treatment strategy due to its simplicity and low costing and also being noninvasive.The outcome of IUI is dependent on main semen parameters such as, sperm concentration, percentage of normal morphology and percentage of motility. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of main parameters on outcome of IUI technique.Methods: This descriptive analytic study was performed in Shahid Beheshti Infertility center in 2007.By simple sampling, semen samples from 66 couples who were candidate for IUI treatment method were studied in two steps, fresh semen samples and the processed semen samples. The data were evaluated by SPSSI2.Findings: The percentage of normal morphology of sperm before and after, in comparison with the other semen parameters, have higher sensitivity and specificity. Therefore normal morphology could be valuable factor, not only in order to choose IUI as method of treatment for referring couples, but also to predict the outcome of IUI technique.Conclusion: Main semen parameters impress on IUI outcome. Our study indicates that in our geographic area percentage of normal morphology in sperm analysis before and after processing has higher sensitivity and specificity on conceptivity. In conclusion, each infertility center needs its evaluation on semen parameters to obtain clear and exact information from referring couples.