Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS), a cluster of cardiometabolic risk factors, consider as a manifestation of obesity. However, a proportion of obese patients do not develop MetS. The aim of our study was to deter-mine whether concentration of plasma adiponectin and leptin differ between metabolic unhealthy obese (MUO) patients and comparable age-and sex-matched control groups. Methods: In this case-control study, we assigned 51 obese patients with MetS (MUO) in cases group and 102 metabolic healthy obese (MHO) and normal weight metabolic healthy subjects matched for age and gender to cases in control groups. The study was conducted between December 2014 and February 2016 in the Endocri-nology Research Center of Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. We measured serum adi-ponectin, leptin, their ratio, and body composition in all subjects. Results: No significant differences were observed between MHO and MUO in term of total fat mass and trunk fat (P>0. 05). Compared to MHO and normal weight metabolic healthy subjects, MUO subjects had low-er levels of plasma adiponectin (P<0. 001) and lower plasma adiponectin to leptin ratio (P<0. 001) and a higher level of plasma leptin (P<0. 002). A Receiver Operator Characteristic curve was used to identify the ability of adiponectin and leptin level to predict the MetS. The area under the Receiver Operator Characteristic curve was 0. 66 (P<0. 01), 0. 73 (P<0. 001) and 0. 75 (P<0. 001) for leptin, adiponectin, and adiponectin/leptin ratio levels respectively. Conclusion: Our study introduced adiponectin and leptin as Indicator of MetS and obesity respectively.

Indicator of National Anticorruption Strategy of I.R.IRANCombating corruption need a multi pronged strategy because of the unintegrated and distributed nature of corruption. in this paper we review literature of anti corruption strategy and extract 26 Indicator with a preventive approach and present the Indicator in a economical , political , social , administrative section for national strategy of Islamic republic of Iran. the experts accept the Indicator and rank them. After survey the administrative Indicator take top rank by experts because of privilege of corruption in administrative system of Iran and selection of expert in a middle range of administrative system.

Background: Nowadays, as organizations become more sophisticated and new attitudes toward the influence of unseen but effective factors on trust, ethics issues in the workplace are considered. The purpose of this study was to investigate the types of organizational Ethics and identify the organizational ethics that affect trauma of trust. Method: Research method was mixed. In qualitative section,Theme analysis and Delphi methods have been used. Statistical population was bank’, s expert. The sample size included 11 people who were chosen purposefully and then interviewed by a semi-structured questionnaire. The correlational descriptive method was used for quantitative section. The statistical population consisted of bank’, s staff and the sample was 384 people based on Morgan table, who were selected randomly. A researcher-made questionnaire was used. Results: According to the library studies, 16 Indicators were identified for measuring the types of organizational ethics and 10 Indicators for trust trauma, which were added by 3 Indicators after interview with elites. Instrumental ethics with a standard coefficient of 0/5 has a positive and significant effect on trust trauma and other types of organizational ethics have a negative and significant effect on trust trauma. Conclusion: Instrumental organizational ethics has a direct effect on traumas of trust in individuals. To counter this traumatic effect, organizations must develop core ethical values through regular training, effective communication, and a supportive environment, such as frameworks for shared decision-making and dialogue.