Objective: Investigative Journalism has always faced challenges worldwide from governments, pressure groups, and mafia gangs. In Iran, there are numerous obstacles hindering activities in this field, primarily due to the underdeveloped state of free Journalism in the country. The government has also failed to provide the necessary legal support for the advancement of investigative Journalism, while economic hardships faced by journalists and media outlets have further impeded their ability to engage in such activities. Therefore, the aim of this article is to explore the challenges faced by investigative journalists in the digital age.Method: To achieve this objective, in-depth interviews were conducted with 12 communication professors and media activists using the qualitative content analysis method.Findings: The results revealed that "financial and economic constraints and pressures," "restricted access to information," "lack of a clear definition of investigative Journalism," and "technological challenges and the proliferation of fake news" are key challenges faced by investigative journalists in Iran. Additionally, issues such as "declining public trust," "political, legal, and social obstacles," "inadequate training for investigative journalists," and "ethical dilemmas" were identified as other significant challenges.Conclusion: The challenges encountered by investigative journalists in Iran mirror those faced in many other countries, with economic hardships and media-related issues posing significant barriers to the practice of investigative Journalism. It is imperative for media organizations, associations, unions, and government bodies to take proactive steps in legislating and supporting investigative journalists. By doing so, investigative Journalism can serve as a vital tool in combating corruption and promoting transparency.

Nowadays, up-to-date sources are produced by researchers worldwide and published in various biomedical journals. Sharing the results of a study in a reputable journal is both a demanding and an exciting process. It is a form of mental exercise and has to be written in a well-organized manner to present logical flow and should respect the accepted international principles; otherwise the paper's rejection rate will be increased either by the editors or peer reviewers.1 Up to 2002, more than 4500 medical journals, mostly in English (88%) have been indexed in MEDLINE.2 currently, in Iran more than 80 medical journals are published.3    

This research aims to investigate strategies for implementing transmedia storytelling in Iranian Journalism. In the digital era, traditional Journalism faces numerous challenges, prompting the need for innovative approaches such as transmedia Journalism, which enhances media communication effectiveness and audience engagement. Employing a mixed-methods approach, this study utilizes a qualitative Delphi method to gather and analyze data. To identify practical strategies, a SWOT analysis was conducted to evaluate the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats facing transmedia Journalism in Iran. The findings reveal that transmedia storytelling not only enriches media content and facilitates a deeper understanding of events but also fosters increased audience participation and loyalty, promoting greater interaction and flexibility in information consumption. The SWOT matrix results indicate that transmedia Journalism in Iran is positioned favorably for the implementation of developmental strategies. Furthermore, the study highlights that adopting transmedia storytelling could significantly elevate the status of Journalism in Iran by providing practical solutions and establishing a theoretical framework. This research emphasizes the importance of employing transmedia techniques and underscores the necessity for suitable infrastructure to support these initiatives. Ultimately, the study advocates for a transformative approach to Journalism that aligns with contemporary audience expectations and technological advancements, paving the way for a more interactive and participatory media landscape in Iran.   Extended Abstract: Introduction In the rapidly evolving landscape of digital communication, traditional Journalism faces substantial challenges, especially in countries like Iran. The shift in audience behavior, economic pressures, and the proliferation of digital platforms necessitate innovative journalistic approaches. Transmedia Journalism, which integrates multiple platforms and offers participatory narratives, presents a viable alternative that aligns with contemporary communication needs. In Iran, this method is particularly relevant due to its ability to foster deeper audience engagement and enrich storytelling. Despite infrastructural and regulatory limitations, the potential of transmedia storytelling to reshape Journalism and enhance the credibility and impact of news media is notable. This study explores the strategic implementation of transmedia storytelling in Iranian Journalism, aiming to bridge the gap between global innovation and local practice. The research is grounded in the theoretical frameworks of media convergence, participatory culture, and collective intelligence, drawing from the seminal works of Jenkins and Lévy. It further emphasizes how these frameworks can transform passive audiences into active contributors in the storytelling process, thereby expanding the influence and sustainability of journalistic practices in Iran. Materials and Methods The research adopts a developmental and exploratory mixed-methods design with a focus on qualitative data. Utilizing the Delphi method, expert opinions were gathered from a purposive sample of 13 media and Journalism specialists. These experts participated in two iterative rounds of anonymous feedback and consensus-building. To analyze the data, a SWOT framework (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats) was employed. This approach enabled the identification of internal and external factors affecting the development of transmedia Journalism in Iran. The study also used IFE (Internal Factor Evaluation) and EFE (External Factor Evaluation) matrices to quantify expert evaluations and guide strategic planning. The methodological rigor ensured the inclusion of diverse professional perspectives and minimized bias through anonymity and iterative validation. Findings/Results The findings suggest that transmedia Journalism holds considerable promise for the Iranian media environment. Internally, its strengths lie in enhanced storytelling through multi-platform integration, the ability to foster audience loyalty, viral content dissemination, and more immersive content experiences. The Delphi panel highlighted the method’s capacity to adapt to various audience preferences and facilitate emotional engagement through participatory storytelling. However, challenges persist, particularly in terms of infrastructural limitations (e.g., internet bandwidth, access to modern technology), legal restrictions, and a high dependency on advanced tools, which are not uniformly available across the country. From an external perspective, the opportunities include increased internet penetration, the rise of domestic digital platforms, and the potential to amplify marginalized voices. Nonetheless, regulatory constraints such as platform censorship and the risk of misinformation were identified as significant threats. The SWOT analysis positioned Iran's media environment in the aggressive quadrant, suggesting high internal readiness for development if external barriers are managed. Three strategic scenarios—optimistic, pessimistic, and realistic—were developed, recommending infrastructure improvement, policy support, and audience education as key factors for success. Discussion and Implications The study interprets the SWOT findings within the theoretical frameworks of media convergence and participatory culture. The potential for creating "storyworlds"—where each platform contributes a unique narrative element—can transform the role of the audience from passive consumers to engaged co-producers. This participatory structure fosters emotional connection, enhances retention, and supports democratic discourse by enabling a multiplicity of voices. The use of technologies such as AR, AI, and VR further elevates the user experience and provides avenues for immersive and accessible Journalism. The convergence of media, as theorized by Jenkins, suggests that a transmedia approach can reduce redundancies, diversify storytelling, and increase monetization potential. Economically, transmedia Journalism opens avenues for brand integration, audience-driven content development, and collaborative storytelling between institutions and individuals. Despite Iran’s restrictive media environment, domestic social media platforms and alternative distribution channels can be optimized for local engagement. The study proposes tactical recommendations, including building internal platforms, enhancing journalistic digital literacy, incentivizing collaborative production models, and establishing legal frameworks that support innovation without compromising journalistic integrity. In the long term, these measures can reposition Journalism as a dynamic, engaging, and socially relevant practice within Iran’s digital transformation. Conclusion Transmedia Journalism represents a transformative opportunity for Iranian media, balancing narrative depth with technological innovation and audience interaction. Despite infrastructural and legal hurdles, the internal readiness of Iranian Journalism institutions suggests fertile ground for development. The study underscores the need for strategic support, education, and infrastructure to fully harness the potential of transmedia practices. It advocates for a shift from linear reporting to participatory, multi-platform storytelling as a viable pathway for the future of Journalism in Iran

Nowadays, many researches in the field of medicine are conducting all around the world and medical Journalism is a way to share the results. In fact, dissemination of the related manuscripts can prevent the repetitive research or may even lead to conducting a better survey. Therefore high quality medical journals are considered as up-to-date resources for further investigations. Medical journals are propagating their papers in various media including television programs, newspapers, internet websites and different social media. So they can influence the government policy makers, health-care professionals and even public. Moreover, most researchers hear about medical discoveries for the first time through medical journals and their related social media. So as well a high quality journal can help to improve medical science, a journal of poor quality can be damaging and distorting. Indeed, popular journals have the power of inventing a “communication storm” to draw attention to a certain topic. Thus they have to respect the accepted international principles to prevent spreading inaccurate and misleading data. This paper aims to review the previous and current situation of medical Journalism by focus on field of emergency medicine.

Presenting an Appropriate Model for Press (According to Experts in the Field of Environmental Media, Journalists and Environmental Supporters) Climate change, natural catastrophes and the effect of industrialized societies on nature (environment) have brought the attention of experts to the field of environmental issues and convinced them to use the widespread connections and media to increase the social impact factor. The aim of doing so was to protect the Environmental sources. The need for the press to answer the society’ s questions and empowering the potential of directing social powers in a way that will reduce the environmental side effect, led the press to compile a model for the environment and social communications. Iranian context is not an exception. Emerging environmental issues such as drying wetlands and haze phenomenon have attracted attentions to the importance of the role media plays. This paper aims to clarify the elements of environmental Journalism and present an appropriate model for Iranian press based upon "Media Doctor" theory developed by Wiekbe Rö gene. This study adapts "Political Delphi" and utilizes "Snow Ball" sampling. Using the help provided by 17 experts in the fields of Journalism and environment, the researchers conducted deep interviews. The results reveal that environmental Journalism in the Iranian context should be shaped based upon 4 main local elements namely, "having criteria of environmental Journalism", "having criteria of general Journalism", "having environmental knowledge in one of the environmental sub-fields", and "being familiar with the activities of international organizations and environmental treaties in the world and in Iran. "