Background: Common variable immune deficiency (CVID) is the commonest symptomatic primary immunodeficiency and represents a heterogenous collection of disorders resulting mostly in antibody deficiency and recurrent infections. The syndrome includes impaired B-cell maturation, impaired somatic hyper mutation, reduced numbers of circulating memory and isotype-switched memory B cells, and absent or reduced plasma cells. B cell maturation antigen (BCMA) is a tumor necrosis family receptor superfamily member 17 (TNFRSF17), expressed only on B cell lines, and is essential for survival of long-lived plasma cells. The aim of this study was to evaluate mutations in BCMA in patients with CVID in compare with normal individuals in Isfahan, Iran.Methods: Blood samples were collected from 10 CVID patients with substitutive immunoglobulin therapy before immunoglobulins (Ig) infusion and 10 normal controls in ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) tubes then DNA samples were extracted and after the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was done, samples were sequenced.Findings: After reviewing the results of the sequence and alignment of the sequences, no mutations in the gene were seen.Conclusion: In addition to the study of mutation in BCMA gene, BCMA gene and protein expression level should be considered to understand more aspects of this disease.

Background: One of the most common techniques in assisted reproductive technologies (ART) is in vitro embryo production (IVEP), the success of which depends on the intrinsic quality of oocytes and the composition of the culture medium. Objectives: This study investigates the effects of gonadotropin hormones (such as eCG and hCG) along with the antioxidant quercetin on the maturation of ovine oocytes, as well as the impact of different media on the expression of Bcl2 and Bax genes in blastocysts. Methods: After washing the oocytes, cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) that exhibited three or more layers of cells and homogeneous cytoplasm were selected and matured in BO-IVM, TCM (TCM-199 + 10% FBS + 10% ovine follicular fluid + 5 mg/mL FSH + 1 mg/mL estradiol-17β + 0.81 mM sodium pyruvate + 50 mg/mL gentamicin sulfate), and TCM+ (TCM + 20 µg/mL eCG + 5 µg/mL hCG + 15 µg/mL quercetin) media for 24 hours at 38.5°C, 20% O2, and 5% CO2. After maturation, oocytes were fertilized with frozen ram semen, and presumed zygotes were cultured in BO-IVC under uniform conditions. Embryo development occurred at 38.5°C in a humid atmosphere with 5% CO2, 5% O2, and 90% N2. Results: The results indicated that the BO-IVM medium had a significantly higher mean percentage of zygotes, morulae, blastocysts, and hatched blastocysts compared to TCM+ and TCM (P < 0.05). Moreover, blastocyst formation and hatched blastocysts were significantly more frequent in TCM+ than in TCM (P < 0.05). However, the BO-IVM medium demonstrated a significant improvement compared to other maturation media. Gene expression analysis showed no significant difference in Bcl2 expression among the groups, while Bax expression was significantly higher in TCM (P < 0.05). Overall, the BO-IVM medium was identified as the best option for optimizing oocyte maturation and producing high-quality blastocysts in ovine, with TCM+ yielding better results than the TCM medium without hormonal and antioxidant compounds. Conclusions: The results of this study showed that the addition of the antioxidant quercetin and the growth factors eCG and hCG improved the performance of the TCM medium. However, further research is needed to enhance the performance of the TCM maturation medium compared to the commercial BO-IVM medium.

The purpose of this study has considerling practicality, reliability, Validity and norm finding of roa social maturation among a sample group of 395 students. The sample were selected by non random method. The questionnaire was used in this study is made of 90 question. Four questions of the 90 question were omitted. The reliability coefficient of cronbachs Alpha was equal to 0.889. In order to determine inventory Validity the principal component analysis was used. Result showed that 12 factors determine of the whole Variance of Variables. These are as follows: 1) Authoritarian 2) Trust 3) Social efficiency 4) Egocentrism 5) Self – confidence 6) Ability to control stress 7) Responsibility 8) Ability to appointment effective communication 9) Cooperation 10) Self – governance 11) Social commitment 12) Flexibility. The scale was correlated with the emotional maturation test. The overall coefficient between the tow scale in 0.176 and tow factors of Egocentrism and social commitment are statistically significant. Finally categorical norms. Have been provided.