Background & Objective: Among the chronic diseases of childhood, cancer has a high prevalence and after cardiovascular disease is the second most common cause of mortality in developed countries and the third most common cause of death in developing countries. Cancer in the family involves other members of family too and causes a disruption to the patient's life plans and a family members and also challenges the entire family and endures many psychological and financial pressures that can be effect on their well– being. Since childhood cancers are life– threatening diseases, the rOLE of parents, especially mothers, is increasingly being addressed as primary caregivers. The findings show that the parents of children with cancer are at risk of physical and emotional health related to understanding the dissatisfaction with the condition of life and lack of compliance; therefore, in addition to the patient with cancer, the patient's family should be taken care. Researchers believe that there are moderating factors between parents' mental stress and childhood illness. Some characteristics can increase the ability of internal resistance to mental stress in parents and prevent its consequences and disease. For example, effective coping strategies and social support can make a person more responsive to psychological stress. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the effect of social support and coping strategies on the psychological well– being of mothers of children with cancer. Methods: This study was a descriptive and correlational study on 96 mothers with a 1– 7 year– old child with cancer who were able to complete the questionnaire and to follow up on treatment with the hospitals of Ali Asghar, Mofid and children medical center of Tehran in 2015, were done by random sampling method. Data were collected using Rief's Psychological Well– Being Questionnaire (1995) with Cronbach's alpha 0. 72 to 0. 89, which includes 6 factors of self– acceptance, purposeful life, personal growth, positive relationship with others, autonomy, and environmental domination, Social support of Philips (1986) with Cronbach's alpha 0. 70, which includes three subscales of support received by family, friends and others, and the Lazarus Coping Strategies Questionnaire (1974) with Cronbach's alpha 0. 66 to 0. 79 which have measured two problem– oriented strategy subscales, problem– solving (Social Support seeking, a Responsibility, Tactful problem solving, and positive re– evaluation) and the subscale of the excitement– oriented strategy (Confrontation, self– restraint, avoidance and escape– avoidance). The results were analyzed using Pearson correlation and multiple regression tests. Results: The results of Pearson correlation test and linear multiple regression showed that a significant direct effect of social support (0. 64) and problematic coping style (0. 68) on psychological well– being of mothers of children with cancer (p<0. 001). The results also showed that social support and problem– solving style can explaining approximately 55% of the variance of psychological well– being, while the emotional coping style cannot explaining the psychological well– being of mothers. Conclusion: Based on the findings of the research, coping strategies and social support affected the psychological well– being of mothers of children with cancer. Therefore we can improve psychological well– being of mothers of children with cancer through increasing social support and training problem focused strategy.

Background: This experiment was conducted to determine the effect of supplementation roosters’ semen diluent with olive leaf extract (OLE) infusion on semen quality duringin vitro storage at for 48 hours.Materials and Methods: Semen was collected from 12 Ross-308 roosters (30 weeks of age) kept in separated floor pens. Treatment groups were as follows: T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 that were contain 0, 50, 100, 150 and 200mg/ml OLE, respectively.Results: Spermatozoa viability was affected by experimental treatments, with the highest and lowest viability percentage of 74.4 and 68.6 in each treatments T3 and T5 respectively (p<0.05).Conclusion: These results clearly show that supplementation of the diluent of roosters’ semen with OLE can improve semen viability when semen samplesin vitro are stored at 4oC for 48 hours.

MOLEcular evidence on the heterogeneity present in the OLE e 1 allergen of the olive pollen is emerging. Such polymorphism is dependent on the cultivar origin of pollen, which also determines wide differences in the expression of this protein. Determination of biochemical and mOLEcular characteristics of OLE e 1 pollen allergen in two Iranian olive cultivars, namely 'Rowghani' and 'Zard' is necessary to assess their allergenicity potential.SDS-PAGE and immunoblotting analysis of pollen extracts showed that both cultivars present high and low expression of OLE e 1, respectively. These protein levels correlated with similarly different levels of transcripts, as determined by RT-PCR. Two-dimensional protein profiles also showed conspicuous differences in the distribution and the level of expression of those spots reacting to an anti-OLE e 1 antibody.Bioinformatic analysis of four OLE e 1 sequences corresponding to 'Rowghani' and two sequences for 'Zard', showed numerous heterogeneities when compared with those OLE e 1 and OLE e 1-like sequences present in databases. Nucleotide substitutions resulted in many cases in changes over the predicted amino acid sequences. A cladistic analysis of the sequences showed Iranian entries in a central position between West-European sequences, and OLE e 1-like sequences from other OLEaceae species.Moreover, amino acid changes affected key epitopes of the protein involved in the recognition of the protein by the human immune system. Putative implications of polymorphism in both the biological rOLE and the allergic reactivity of OLE e 1 are discussed.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary olive leaf extract (OLE) on intestinal immune-related genes expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFa), interleukin 1 beta (IL1b), lysozyme (LYS), and mucin2 (MUC2). For this purpose, common carp (~15 g) were fed with 0 (control), 0. 1 (OLE-0. 1), 0. 5 (OLE-0. 5) and 1 (OLE-1) % OLE diets for eight weeks. The fish were sampled after one and eight weeks to study intestinal TNFa, IL1b, LYS, and MUC2 gene expressions. The results showed that dietary OLE administration significantly up-regulated intestinal TNFa gene expression after one (all OLE-treated groups) and eight (OLE-0. 5) weeks. Moreover, OLE-0. 1 and OLE-1 groups showed up-regulated intestinal IL1b expression, after one week, all the OLE-treated fish had significantly higher intestinal IL1b expression, after eight weeks. OLE had no significant effects on LYS gene expression after one week, but OLE-0. 1 and OLE-0. 5 had significantly higher gene expressions after eight weeks. OLE-0. 1 and OLE-1 had significantly lower MUC2 gene expression after one week, but all OLE-treated fish had significantly higher MUC2 gene expression after eight weeks. In conclusion, dietary 0. 1-0. 5% OLE supplementation is suitable to support common carp intestinal health.

English: The first Attenuated rubella vaccine was developed by Parkman and Meyer in 1966. Ten years later in the 1975s, the rubella vaccine was developed in Razi Vaccine and serum research institute )RVSRI). In 1977, the rubella TAKAHASHI vaccine successfully passed the clinical trial and was initially used voluntarily only in the private sector. Since 1987, the administration of rubella as MMR (Measles/AIK-C,Rubella/TAKAHASHI,Mumps/HOSHINO) strain vaccine has been included in the immunization program in Iran. This review article focused on the development and production of the rubella TAKAHASHI/HDC vaccine in RVSRI. The herd immunity and rubella cases were investigated in the pre-and post-vaccine era. The effectiveness and proper coverage of the rubella vaccine led to the elimination of rubella from Iran in 2019. The current study aimed to assess local rubella vaccine manufacturing and its consequences on rubella elimination from Iran, using various search engines. A complete search was carried out in medical databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Scientific Information Database, IranMedex, Magiran, and Google Scholar. Within 1972-1975, Rubella TAKAHASHI/HDC vaccine was developed by RVSRI and successfully passed clinical trial in 1977. Over the four last decades (1980-2020), more than 40 million infants, young, and adults were vaccinated by million doses of local Rubella, measles-rubella (MR) or measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine in Iran. In 1972, the pre-vaccine era, the overall sensitivity to rubella infection was 69% in one-year-old Iranian children and 23% in childbearing women. The use of a safe, inexpensive, and effective vaccine increased herd immunity to 95% (85%-99%) in our country. During the last two decades, we have witnessed a 91% decline in the confirmed rubella cases, from 1124 in 2000 to 33 cases in 2018. The current article presented the process of vaccine development, tracked it through more than four decades, and discussed disease status before and after the rubella vaccine era, as well as the history of its elimination from Iran. The effectiveness of the local Razi Rubella vaccine resulted in a significant increase in seroprevalence in Iran. Expanded vaccination against rubella, usually with measles, has led to the elimination of Rubella from Iran as confirmed by World Health Organization in 2019. (French: Le premier vaccin atté, nué,contre la rubé, OLE a é, té,mis au point par Parkman et Meyer en 1966. Dix ans plus tard, dans les anné, es 1975, le vaccin contre la rubé, OLE a é, té,dé, veloppé,dans l'Institut de recherche sur les vaccins et les sé, rums de Razi (RVSRI). En 1977, le vaccin antirubé, OLEux TAKAHASHI a passé,avec succè, s l'essai clinique et n'a é, té,initialement utilisé,volontairement que par le secteur privé, . Depuis 1987, l'administration de la rubé, OLE sous forme de Vaccin contre la souche RRO (rougeOLE/AIK-C,Rubé, OLE/TAKAHASHI,Oreillons/HOSHINO) a é, té,incluse dans le programme de vaccination en Iran. Cet article de synthè, se portait sur le dé, veloppement et la production du vaccin contre la rubé, OLE TAKAHASHI/HDC dans la RVSRI. Les cas d'immunité,collective et de rubé, OLE ont é, té,é, tudié, s avant et aprè, s la vaccination. L'efficacité,et la couverture adé, quate du vaccin contre la rubé, OLE ont conduit à,l'é, limination de la rubé, OLE d'Iran en 2019. L'é, tude actuelle visait à,é, valuer la fabrication locale du vaccin contre la rubé, OLE et ses consé, quences sur l'é, limination de la rubé, OLE en Iran, à,l'aide de divers moteurs de recherche. Une recherche complè, te a é, té,effectué, e dans des bases de donné, es mé, dicales, notamment PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Scientific Information Database, IranMedex, Magiran et Google Scholar. Entre 1972 et 1975, le vaccin contre la rubé, OLE TAKAHASHI/HDC a é, té,dé, veloppé,par la RVSRI et a passé,avec succè, s un essai clinique en 1977. Au cours des quatre derniè, res dé, cennies (1980-2020), plus de 40 millions de nourrissons, jeunes et adultes ont é, té,vacciné, s par des millions de doses de Vaccin contre la rubé, OLE, la rougeOLE-rubé, OLE (RR) ou la rougeOLE-oreillons-rubé, OLE (ROR) en Iran. En 1972, à,l'é, poque pré,-vaccinale, la sensibilité,globale à,l'infection à,la rubé, OLE é, tait de 69% chez les enfants iraniens d'un an et de 23% chez les femmes enceintes. L'utilisation d'un vaccin sû, r, peu coû, teux et efficace a augmenté,l'immunité,du troupeau à,95% (85%-99%) dans notre pays. Au cours des deux derniè, res dé, cennies, nous avons assisté,à,une baisse de 91% des cas confirmé, s de rubé, OLE, passant de 1124 en 2000 à,33 en 2018. L'article actuel pré, sentait le processus de dé, veloppement du vaccin, le suivait pendant plus de quatre dé, cennies et discutait de l'é, tat de la maladie avant et aprè, s l'è, re de la vaccination contre la rubé, OLE, ainsi que l'histoire de son é, limination d'Iran. L'efficacité,du vaccin local de la rubé, OLE de Razi a entraî, né,une augmentation significative de la sé, ropré, valence en Iran. La vaccination é, tendue contre la rubé, OLE, gé, né, ralement avec la rougeOLE, a conduit à,l'é, limination de la rubé, OLE d'Iran, comme l'a confirmé,l'Organisation mondiale de la santé,(OMS) en 2019. )