Analyzing the economic nature of new financial instruments along with examining its jurisprudential aspects has an important role in introducing and using them in Islamic financial markets. One of these tools is binary Options, which due to its high attractiveness, is an important part of derivative market exchanges. The purpose of this study is to analyze binary Options from an economic and jurisprudential point of view. These are a type of exotic ones that can be used, like other Options contracts, to cover risk, arbitrage and speculation. The present study, while examining the economic nature of this type of authority, answers the question of whether these powers are also legally legitimate. The method used in this research is the conventional analytical-ijtihad method in the analysis of Islamic financial markets. The present study, while examining the types of binary Options and presenting different strategies of their transactions, has examined the nature of Options and especially binary Options through different contracts. The results indicate that some models of this option can be corrected in the form of contracts such as basic peace, sale of rights and basic conditions, and some models are only in the form of insurance contracts and others are examples of gambling. Accordingly, only some types of this contract can be used in Islamic financial markets.

At coordinated signals, a signal may go to transition due to oversized pedestrian timing, transit signal priority (TSP), or emergency vehicles. In these situations, a signal tries to bring back disrupted coordination to its original plan by a transition option. There are several Options for transitions, including Dwell, Max Dwell, Add, Subtract, and Short way. To have a quantitative tool to analyze different transition Options, mathematical models of transition methods were developed. Then the mathematical models of transition Options were implemented into software called TOD (Transition Options’ Delays), which is an open-source program available for anyone who is interested in using it. With this software, practitioners simply input the common timing parameters such as cycle length, vehicle and pedestrian volume, and required pedestrian timing. The software will then give a recommendation based on the overall delay. The mathematical models and the related TOD software are expected to provide improved recommendations when dealing with pedestrian crossings at coordinated signal systems.

Enjoying interactional capabilities and capacities regarding possibility of the user’s contribution in development of game procedure, computer games have turned to an effective medium for culturalization and promotion of the users’ attitude by playing computer games. This capacity provides this possibility for the user in virtual environment of the computer games so that without paying attention to the consequences of his decisions, he can freely select moral or immoral Options appropriate with religious teachings and the culture of the user’s society. The paper aims at investigating the way of preparing the required background for selecting the ethical option in a computer game; accordingly, by collecting data with library method and analyzing the data by an analytico-descriptive approach, the paper proposes this hypothesis that by having interactional capacities, computer games provide conditions so that without paying attention to consequences of their choices they can voluntarily make decisions in different conditions and situations.

Please click on PDF to view the abstract.