The principles and limitations of current imaging modalities are described. It may help to determine the most effective radiologic technique, minimizing the cost of examination as well as the exposure to radiation. It is important to choose the appropriate mo-duality for specific types of orthopedic abnormalities. It is important to reemphasize that conventional radiography remains the most effective tool for demon-starting a bone and joint abnormality. Use of radiological techniques differs in evaluating the presence, type, and extent of various bone, joint, and soft-tissue abnormalities. Therefore, both the radiologist and orthopedic surgeon must know the in-dictation for use of each technique, the limitations of a particular modality, and the appropriate imaging approaches for abnormalities at specific sites. The question; "what modality should I use for this particular problem?" is frequently asked by radiologists and or-thopedic surgeons. Although numerous algorithms are available to evaluate various problems at different anatomic sites, the answer cannot always be clearly stated. The choice of techniques for imaging bone and soft-tissue abnormalities is dictated not only by clinical presentation, but also by equipment availability, ex-parties, and cost. Restriction may also be imposed by the needs of individual patients. Most of the time, the choice of imaging technique is dictated by the type of suspected abnormality. The purpose of this study was to review imaging techniques in Orthopedics.

With the expansion of medical knowledge, various new disciplines and subspecialties have been developed and trained for the comprehensive management of diseases. There is always an inevitable correlation between medical disciplines that cannot be completely separated from each other. Some diseases involve multiple organs/systems of the human body simultaneously, requiring the cooperation of a team of specialists to manage them. In addition, in some cases, there is an overlap between different specialties in managing and treating the same disease. Although specialists aim to give the patient the best possible treatment options, this overlap can lead to confusion in management according to different practice guidelines (1).

The present study was designed to assess analgesic effects of propofol on Orthopedics day surgeries. 150 adult patients undergoing Orthopedics day surgeries were randomly divided into 3 groups and allocated to receive either propofol, ketamine or  thiopenal for induction and maintaining anesthesia, after premedication by 1 µg/kg of fentanyl. To evaluate pain and to detect painful stimulation, parameters such as heart rate, systolic and diastolic arterial blood pressure, respiratory rate, pupil size, perspiration, muscle movement, awareness in recovery room, recall during surgery and satisfaction from anesthesia were used. Changes in these parameters were significantly greater in propofol group. We concluded that propofol does not have analgesic effects during anesthesia and must be accompanied by an analgesic like fentanyl or alfentanil and can be used by intravenous bolus method.

Today telemedicine, or eHealth, is an important tool in everyday medical life. In all areas, from the preclinical to aftercare, significant improvements in communication structures have been seen in various eHealth options, which have had significant, positive effects on the quality of patient care in Orthopedics and trauma surgery. Initially, there were several isolated solutions and many small individual projects; however, there was a lack of interdisciplinary and comprehensive systems in all healthcare fields. The German Trauma Society (DGU) together with the AUC GmbH took the lead and paved the way for a modulated, comprehensive, interface-compatible teleradiology system. Nevertheless, there are still deficits across all sectors which, in the future, will need to be optimized by eHealth methods and systems. Overall, there is an effort towards patient-centered solutions (patient empowerment). In Germany, telemedicine has gradually gained acceptance in various sectors and is being used nationwide. Telemedicine has proven itself, especially in trauma networks...

With the advent of several innovations, Orthopedics is constantly developing. 3D printing, creative monitoring solutions, activity trackers, and big data to grow data-driven solutions in Orthopedics are just a few new technology and treatment approaches. Biologics has appeared as a large field of innovation in clinical care in current years (1). . . .