Introduction: The aim of this study is evaluation of efficacy of lacrimal sac localization with lacrimal probe without using light PIPE. The study was based on nonrandomized prospective clinical trial with one year follow up period.Methods: A group of 40 patients operated since march 2001 to December 2004 The operation was Endoscopic Dacryocystorhynostomy and localization of lacrimal sac, which was performed with a lacrimal probe inserted in lacrimal sac. With pushing the probe inferomedialy pierces lacrimal sac lacrimal bone, and nasal musca over the bone. Follow up includes symptom evaluation such as epiphora and endoscopy. Success was defined as relief of symptoms & duct patancy with irrigation for a 1 year period.Results: 29 patients were male (72.5 %) and 11 were female (27.5 %). Mean age was 37.5 (with SD±12.26) in 20 patients right eye involved, left eye involved in 16 cases and in 4 cases both eyes involved. For 3 patients septoplasty was done besides EDCR. success rate was 82.5% and no complication was seen.Discussion: the use of lacrimal probe for lacrimal sac localization is a safe and easy method and don't have light PIPE limitations then can replace light PIPE.

To divert water from a large diameter irrigation PIPEline to a smaller diameter plastic gated PIPE so called "Hydroflume", a PIPE turnout was designed and built in the Sugar cane development and Byproducts Company with the cooperation of the Shahid Chamran University, Ahwaz, Iran. This PIPE turnout not only conveys water but it also dissipates the excess energy. The structure has of a circular broad crested weir for measuring flow discharge. It also was equipped by a piezometer to facilate flow measurement. The turnout consists of two 800-millimeters precast concrete PIPE and has been designed in such a way that can be produced in large quantities in the factory and then installed in the farm. In this paper the design criteria including: investigation of various alternatives and selection of the best type, hydraulics and structural design, laboratory and field tests are presented.

Double-PIPE heat exchangers are commonly used in various industries, including power plants, solar cells, refineries, and automotive. The double-PIPE heat exchanger is one of the most used simple exchangers in the industry. In this study, we employ computational fluid dynamics to investigate the flow characteristics of nanofluids within a double-PIPE heat exchanger featuring a square inner tube and a circular outer tube (SC). The simulations are conducted under constant heat flux conditions, exploring laminar and turbulent flow regimes. Numerical results for water flow under forced convection are compared with reference results for validation. The results indicate that as the Reynolds number increases, particularly in turbulent flow regimes, the Nusselt number in nanofluid flow increases more than in water flow. For instance, in the case of aluminum oxide nanofluid flow at a Reynolds number of 500, the Nusselt number demonstrates a nearly 5% enhancement over water flow. In contrast, at a Reynolds number of 20000, this enhancement escalates to approximately 20%. Three types of nanoparticles are considered to investigate the effect of nanoparticle type on heat transfer and pressure drop. The results show that the use of nanoparticles has a slight effect on the friction factor while significantly enhancing heat transfer.

In the 1970, Popov et al. Developed plans to make plastic joints in frames with eccentric bracing to increase energy dissipation (Roeder and Egor, 1978), and since the late 1980s, the use of steel dampers has been common in countries such as Japan and Indonesia. Has been. Different types of steel dampers have been used since then, for example ADAS, X-shaped and honeycomb dampers are some of the steel dampers that are still under development and research studies have been done on them (Askariani et al. 2020).

This paper deals with the performance of a heat PIPE solar collector. The solar collector consisted of an interconnected heat PIPE so as to reduce the production cost by using an interconnected heat PIPE because all the heat PIPEs can be evacuated, sealed and tested at once. Performance of a prototype of the heat PIPE solar collector was experimentally examined, and the results were compared with those obtained through theoretical analysis. The results shown in this paper seem feasible.

Providing the citizens with drinking water is one of the most important undertakings of the governments requiring huge amount of investments. Piping and pumping costs constitutes a major part of the water distribution network costs. It is obvious that any reduction in these costs amounts to a considerable savings in particular for large scale projects. A constrained nonlinear programming formulation for the optimal design of PIPE networks is presented in this paper enabling optimal sizing of the network PIPEs and pumping heads if required. Two general purpose optimization codes namely DOT & DOC are used to solve the resulting optimization problem. Different numerical examples are considered and results are compared with other methods to verify the capabilities and versatility of the proposed method. Further researches are underway to improve the proposed method and the early results are encouraging.

From Rumi's viewpoint the Almighty God is an absolute blessing. A human that is on the way of spiritual ascent appreciates absolute blessing. He deems the love of infinite worshiped as a flame that burns everything but the beloved as viewed by the prayer. Rumi takes praying as a divine success and believes that every praying requires the qualification of the prayer and that the nature of human soul complies with the divine monotheism. No one should put it into the restriction we put toward God. In his view, the whole creatures of the world are sort of praying God.Hundred Books for one door if found be Hundred ways for one altar if intent beIn Rumi's view, praying promotes thinking and love causes praying and worshiping. And human if linked to the favoring pool of God will acquire divine feature and as a result relieves to the ultimate leisure.