Background & Objective: Diabetes mellitus type 1 is an autoimmune disease in which the Bcells of the pancreas are damaged, leading to insulin deficiency and finally hyperglycemia. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of resveratrol consumption on cellular metabolic pathways in type 1 diabetic patients using proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Materials & Methods: Thirteen individuals with type 1 diabetes participated in this clinical trial designed as before and after exploratory investigation. All the participants received 500mg capsules of resveratrol twice daily for 60 days. Blood collection was done before resveratrol supplementation, after 30 days, and at the end of 60 days. The data were obtained at three different timings, compared with applying the HNMR spectroscopy. Spectra were processed, and PLS-DA analysis methods were applied to data. Outliers were taken, and the HMDB metabolites databank specified the metabolites and its pathways. Results: The main variations identified in this investigation were as follows: short and longchain fatty acid metabolism, the metabolic pathway of triacylglycerol, 1-propanol, and ethanoic acid, leading to an increase in butyraldehyde and 1-butanol metabolites. Conclusion: The results of this research showed a reduction in palmitic acid biosynthesis. This finding suggests that resveratrol may cause significant changes in adipocyte metabolism by inducing adipogenesis and apoptosis in the adipocyte. It may also play a role in improving the production of insulin, leading to low blood glucose levels.

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, systematic inflammatory disorder that may affect many tissues and organs, but principally attacks synovial joints and it is a common rheumatic disease with many subtypes. Nuclear Magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectrometers with high sensitivity, resolution and dynamic range has permitted the rapid, simultaneous investigation of complex mixtures of endogenous or exogenous components present in biological materials. Metabonomics is the systematic study of chemical finger print resulted from cell reactions and could be used as a new biomarker for early disease diagnosis. In the present investigation, we studied serum metabolic profile in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in order to find out the metabolic finger print pattern of the disease.Materials and methods: In our metabonomics study serum samples were collected from 16 patients with active RA, and from equal number of healthy subjects. They were evaluated during a one-year follow-up with the assessment of disease activity and 1H NMR spectroscopy of sera samples. In all the cases, the presence of active rheumatoid arthritis was shown by an increase in the T1 values of the synovium of the joints. We specified and classified all metabolites using PCA, PLSDA chemometrics methods. Chenomx (Trail Version) and ProMetab codes in Matlab software environments were used for our data analysis. Results were compared with the NMR metabolite data bank (www.metabolomics.ca). Anti-CCP, ANA and urea were also analyzed by ElISA and colorimetric methods respectively.Results: The most changes identified in this study were in the biosynthesis pathways of steroid hormones, biotin, fatty acids, amino acids (Leucine, Valin and isoleucine) and also linoleic acid.Conclusion: In rheumatoid arthritis disease, the activation of the immune system consumes larg amounts of energy. The main donor of free energy in cells is ATP, which is generated by both glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation. Changes in amino acids and free fatty acids biosynthesis pathways confirm the high energy utilization. In this disease, the increase in free fatty acid metabolism leads to production of Acetyl CoA and ketone bodies. Since there are many diseases subtype in rheumatoid arthritis, more sensitive diagnostic method is required. The result of our investigation suggests that metabolome profiling method could be used as a new biomarker for early diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis disease.

Recently, researchers have shown game simulation as the best way of training. On the other hand, there are various posts in basketball which have different physiological and training demands. Therefore, metabolic changes of backcourt and frontcourt players were investigated during a basketball game. 5 main players of 14 teams that participated in 2017 under 23 years of age, national or premier leagues were selected as the subjects. Players’ saliva samples were collected after 40 minutes of a basketball game (with regard to the FIBA roles) and compared using metabolomics. HMNR was used for metabolomics and MestReNova and Metaboanalyst were applied for data analysis. PCA and PLSDA were used for statistical tests. Results showed that taurine, succinic acid, citric acid and glycerol metabolites were higher in backcourt players and lactate and alanine in frontcourt players. Therefore, it can be concluded that backcourt and frontcourt plays relay more on aerobic and anaerobic pathways repetitively. Also, it seems that active oxygen species production is more in backcourt players.