Introduction: Academic faculty members need to emphasize ethical principles in order to improve higher education, with the understanding of this importance, the current research was conducted with the aim of designing the ethical model of academic faculty members in Iran's higher education. Material & Methods: This research is a type of qualitative study that uses foundational data theory. The participants, including experts and faculty members of the country's public universities, who were responsible for the promotion of academic members, were selected as key informants through a targeted sampling method of 45 people. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews. The reliability and validity of the data were obtained from the two methods of reviewing the participants and recoding by experts. Data were analyzed by open, central and selective coding. Results: The results showed that the moral model of faculty members in Iran's higher education is explained in 10 main categories and 27 subcategories. Major and core categories in the form of 6 dimensions of causal conditions including (individual factors, organizational factors), core (cultural-educational, educational ethics, research ethics, scientific-executive), background conditions (higher education policies, moral activism), intervening conditions (environmental factors), strategies (micro level-university, macro level-higher education) and consequences (individual and organizational) were elevated to a higher abstract level and finally the research paradigm model was presented. Conclusion: The regulations for the promotion of academic staff members in Iran require a detailed revision of the content with an ethical and qualitative approach in order to make the indicators of the promotion regulations efficient and effective.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of generative learning teaching based to Pattern cognitive Load on the memorization math of 7th grade students of in the academic year of 2021- 2022. The research method is quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test with four groups: two control group and two experimental groups. The statistical population of the study consisted of all 7th grade male and female students of District 2 of Mashhad city that 112 person sample was selected by single stage cluster sampling method. The subjects in the experimental group involved in generative learning based to cognitive Load in 16 sessions and the control group did not receive any interventions. The research instrument consisted of a 20-questions researcher-made test. To analyze the obtained data, Multivariate analysis of covariance and SPSS version 24 software were used. The results showed that generative learning teaching based to approach cognitive Load have a positive and significant effect on 7th grade students' memorization math. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that one of the effective training on math memorization students is the use of generative learning on the based load cognitive Pattern.

The presence of water resources, particularly rivers, significantly influences site selection. Throughout history, settling near rivers has brought numerous advantages, but it has also posed certain risks. This study focuses on the sub-basins southeast of the Caspian Sea. Initially, we explore the connection between the layout of ancient settlements and the drainage networks. Additionally, we analyze the relationship between flood risk and the settlement Patterns of these ancient sites by estimating the flooding risk based on linear, areal, and relief aspects. This research marks the first time such an analysis has been conducted. The findings underscore the importance of proximity to rivers in site selection, with areas close to rivers with lower stream orders being the most favorable for settlements. The study reveals a decrease in the frequency of sites near higher stream orders in relation to flooding risk. Conversely, there is an increase in the frequency and density of ancient sites near the first stream orders and at greater distances from the rivers, coinciding with an elevated flooding risk in the sub-basins. These results indicate that the inhabitants of the southeastern areas of the Caspian Sea sub-basins were cognizant of the flooding danger and factored it into their decision-making when selecting settlement sites

Background: The retinal laser photocoagulation is the gold standard treatment of the proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Nowadays, we can perform panretinal photocoagulation with single spot or Pattern scan laser methods. This study aimed to compare the retinal ischemic changes and the retinal neovascularization regression between these two techniques.Methods: In a prospective clinical trial study, 146 eyes of 73 patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy was enrolled. One eye of patients was treated with single spot laser photocoagulation randomly and other eye was preserved for Pattern scan laser photocoagulation. The changes of retinal ischemia on the basis of noncapillary perfusion and the regression of neovascularization on the basis of amount of leakage on fluorescein angiography were compared between the two groups after 6 months.Findings: There was no significant difference in the retinal neovascularization regression of disc and elsewhere in eyes treated with Pattern scan (P=0.26) or single spot laser (P=0.31). While the areas of the retinal ischemia progression was significantly higher (9 cases) in group treated with Pattern scan in comparison to other group (2 cases) (P=0.02).Conclusion: The areas of retinal ischemia progression were higher after treatment with Pattern scan laser compared to single spot laser. Future researches are recommended to find a better modality than the Pattern scan to induce regression of the retinal ischemia similar to the single spot laser technique.

Background and Objectives: Sleep is a complex biological process. Early insomnia is one of the most common problems among young people. This study aims to investigate the sleep-wake Pattern of adolescents in Makran region of Sistan and Baluchestan province, Iran Methods: In this descriptive study, 530 high school students in Makran region of Sistan Baluchestan province (three main cities of Saravan, Iranshahr, Chabahar) in the academic year 2019-2021 were selected by a multi-stage sampling method. They completed a demographic form and the morningness-eveningness questionnaire (MEQ). Data were analyzed in SPSS softwareو version 21 software using independent t-test and ANOVA. Results: The students had moderate circadian rhythm, but sleep preferences were reported in these students mostly among boys. The preferred Pattern of students in Iranshahr, Saravan and Chabahar cities was the sleep preference. The wake preference, sleep preference, and peak performance preference of students in Iranshahr were lower than in Saravan and Chabahar cities. Conclusion: The sleep-wake Pattern of adolescent students in Makran region of Sistan Baluchestan province is at a moderate level, and all students prefer the sleep Pattern over other Patterns. It is recommended that the circadian rhythms of these students should be investigated and the necessary measures should be taken to inform their parents and adjust the school and home schedule so that the students have better sleep.

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, systematic inflammatory disorder that may affect many tissues and organs, but principally attacks synovial joints and it is a common rheumatic disease with many subtypes. Nuclear Magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectrometers with high sensitivity, resolution and dynamic range has permitted the rapid, simultaneous investigation of complex mixtures of endogenous or exogenous components present in biological materials. Metabonomics is the systematic study of chemical finger print resulted from cell reactions and could be used as a new biomarker for early disease diagnosis. In the present investigation, we studied serum metabolic profile in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in order to find out the metabolic finger print Pattern of the disease.Materials and methods: In our metabonomics study serum samples were collected from 16 patients with active RA, and from equal number of healthy subjects. They were evaluated during a one-year follow-up with the assessment of disease activity and 1H NMR spectroscopy of sera samples. In all the cases, the presence of active rheumatoid arthritis was shown by an increase in the T1 values of the synovium of the joints. We specified and classified all metabolites using PCA, PLSDA chemometrics methods. Chenomx (Trail Version) and ProMetab codes in Matlab software environments were used for our data analysis. Results were compared with the NMR metabolite data bank (www.metabolomics.ca). Anti-CCP, ANA and urea were also analyzed by ElISA and colorimetric methods respectively.Results: The most changes identified in this study were in the biosynthesis pathways of steroid hormones, biotin, fatty acids, amino acids (Leucine, Valin and isoleucine) and also linoleic acid.Conclusion: In rheumatoid arthritis disease, the activation of the immune system consumes larg amounts of energy. The main donor of free energy in cells is ATP, which is generated by both glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation. Changes in amino acids and free fatty acids biosynthesis pathways confirm the high energy utilization. In this disease, the increase in free fatty acid metabolism leads to production of Acetyl CoA and ketone bodies. Since there are many diseases subtype in rheumatoid arthritis, more sensitive diagnostic method is required. The result of our investigation suggests that metabolome profiling method could be used as a new biomarker for early diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis disease.

Considering the role of seafood consumption in providing public health as well as the increase in the elderly population in Iran, the attitude of the elderly towards the consumption of fresh fish and the factors affecting it were investigated in this research. For this purpose, a questionnaire was designed and standardized based on the library study and the opinions of experts. Questionnaires were sent electronically through cyberspace to elderly people (age 60 and above). SPSS software was used for descriptive statistical analysis and the structural equation model was used in Lisrel software for the intensity of the relationship between the structures. Based on a default model of consumer behavior, the results showed that 7 factors of quality, type of supply, income, access, experimental records, health, and convenience of consumption are significantly effective on the attitude of the elderly towards the consumption of fresh fish (p<0. 05). Instead, the two factors of price and advertising did not have a significant effect on the attitude and it was found that the attitude of the elderly towards the consumption of fresh fish is effective on their decision to buy and increase their fish consumption (p<0. 05), in this way, by changing and improving each of the factors affecting the attitude, it is possible to increase fish consumption in the elderly. Quality and access were among the most effective factors in the elderly's desire to consume fresh fish. Therefore, by improving the quality and increasing access to fresh fish in different regions of the country, an important step can be taken to facilitate and increase the consumption of fresh fish by the elderly.