The main goal of reusing software components is to produce new software systems using existing components rather than building it from scratch. Component-based software development is one of the most common approaches found today in different branches of engineering, but in software engineering reusing components is still faced with numerous challenges. In order to increase efficiency and accelerate the adoption of component reuse in software development, quantitative measurement of component reusability is necessary. In this regard, various models and metrics have been proposed, so it is important to review the research literature on this concept fairly and comprehensively. In this paper, we conducted a systematic review to identify and evaluate the methods that have been used for measuring component reusability and provide a new classification. Finally, based on the results of studies carried out, some of the relating challenges and issues have been introduced.

Consumers are nowadays more concerned about environmental changes, and accordingly they have changed their purchasing behavior. Concerns on environment have made them to pay attention to reusability of product packaging in their decision-making process. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of factors affecting consumers' perception of the reusability of product packaging. This study is applied in terms of objective and descriptive-survey in terms of data collection. The population of study included customers in Bushehr city. Questionnaire was used to collect the data. Data of study were collected among 385 customers of retail stores in Bushehr city using convenient sampling. Then, they were analyzed by structural equation modeling to test the conceptual model and hypotheses of study. Results of the study revealed that match between material, form, and color of the package have a positive and significant impact on consumer perception of reusability of packaging. In addition, results of this study suggest that environmental attitude and the sensitivity to recyclability of packaging have a positive and significant impact on consumer perception of the reusability of packaging. In general, five factors of environmental attitude of consumer, consumer sensitivity to recyclability of packaging, match between material, form, and color of product packaging in total could explain 0. 681 of variance of consumer perception of reusability of product packaging.

In this paper, damage mechanics approach is used to investigate the effects of crash in Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) storage cylinder. The Canadian Standard Association (CSA) in CNG cylinders is used as a damage detection criterion and cylinders ability to reuse. Simulation of cylinder failures caused by car crash or drop is done by Johnson-Cook damage model. Simulations are carried out in different impact directions, and the effects of cylinder internal pressure and collision velocity are investigated. The results of different cases show that the maximum damage created in vertical impact and by changing direction from vertical to horizontal resultant damage will be decreased.

Background: This study examined the removal of ciprofloxacin (CIP), which is a very widely used antibiotic, from an aqueous medium by applying AgI/Ag2O photocatalyst under visible light radiation. Methods: AgI/Ag2O was synthesized conveniently by applying a two-stage precipitation method. The synthesized compound was characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), FE-field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), energy dispersive x-ray (EDX), and UV-Vis spectrophotometry. Different parameters including initial pH of the solution, initial CIP concentration, reaction kinetics, and catalyst reusability were investigated. Results: Concurrent use of AgI and Ag2O caused improved photocatalytic properties in the presence of UV light. The pH and initial concentration of CIP affected the process efficiency,95% efficiency was achieved within 100 min at pH 9. Furthermore, the process efficiency was still maintained over 90% after four consecutive cycles. Conclusion: The photocatalytic degradation process using AgI/Ag2O nanocomposite under visible light radiation is a suitable method for removing CIP from aqueous media due to its high efficiency and stability.