Considering the importance of implementing monetary policy in any economy, its impact on the main economic variables, including production, is very crucial. This paper examines and analyzes the effects of positive and negative monetary shocks on production in Iran using the MS-DSGE model during the period of 1979-2004. The results of this study indicate that positive and negative monetary policies in the recession periods, as well as boom periods, have asymmetric effects on the growth of domestic production. The effect of positive and negative monetary shocks on production is higher during the recession than during the boom. Generally, the monetary shocks are more effective during the boom than the recession. Accordingly, it is suggested that to achieve the economic goals policymakers should implement their policies during the economic recessions.

This paper introduces Markov-SWITCHING (MS) GARCH processes for capturing the skewness in the distribution of financial time series. The model class is motivated by the fact that empirical return distributions characterized by significant asymmetries, but the generic assumption of return distributions is Normal. The out of sample performance of symmetric and asymmetric MS GARCH models is compared in an application to Tehran exchange price index (Tepix). Finally, to put the Regime-SWITCHING models into perspective, we add to the list of competitors a popular model which may serve as a benchmark, i.e., the single–regime GARCH (1, 1). It turns out that asymmetric MS GARCH processes perform best overall.

Price volatility and volatility regime SWITCHING of Iranian important livestock markets are modeled using hay, sheep, calf, mutton, and beef monthly return series over the period of April 1992 to March 2014, using Markov-SWITCHING generalized autoregressive conditional hetroscedastisity models. The results suggest the existence of two volatility regimes in all studied markets and frequently SWITCHING from one regime to another all except for hay. Hay market is the most homogeneous market in terms of volatility regime SWITCHING while mutton market is the most variable one. According to results, although the high volatility regime lasts less than low volatility regime, persictency of high volatility regime (at least 5 month) in producer and retailer meat markets and frequently SWITCHING from one regime to another lead to uncertainty of investing in meat production. It also leads to unpredictability of market condition and variability of consumer’s welfare.

Every investor pays special attention to the main factor in their decisions: a return. What is essential for users of financial information is not the procedures and principles used in accounting, but the exit from the financial system, because it helps them achieve their goals. Many capital market concerns focus on accounting and auditing operations. Therefore, the auditor's independence is the basis of public trust in the audit process and the assurance of auditors` reports. For this purpose, this study investigates the effect of auditor SWITCHING on abnormal returns. Therefore, three hypotheses have been formulated, and a sample consisting of 365 companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange during the years 2010 to 2020 has been selected. The results indicate that auditor SWITCHING has no significant effect on abnormal returns. Also, between the CU switch and CD switch, the CD switch has a negative and significant effect on abnormal returns.

Some of the figures of speech in Persian language are those that show the rhetorical value of the bilingualism. Tarjema (translation), Molama (bilingual poem), Dhuloghatayn (readable by two languge), Eghtebas (borrowing), Darj (insertion), are these figures of speech. Unfortunately, in rhetorical sources and books, the aesthetic values of these figures have not been explained. However, the aesthetic aspects of these figures can be shown through several theories that discuss code SWITCHING; considering the fact that some of the theories are commonly used in literature and literary criticism. Therefore, in this essay, it is shown that from these figures, Eghtebas (borrowing) has a higher literary value and importance than others. Moreover, the literary significance of this figure is revealed through several theories.

In this paper trensients data wave obtained by simulation of a real 20kv distribution feeder using EMTP. Wavelet transform is used for the decomposition of signals. Feature extraction and principal analysis (PCA) are applied for feature vector reduction, and Bayes classifier is used for classification of data. Wavelet coefficients are used for the classification of transients. Results show that the proposed method is efficient for detection of transients.

In this paper, a new high step-up current-fed LLC resonant DC-DC converter with a center-tapped transformer is proposed. By selecting the SWITCHING frequency to be lower than, but near to, the series resonant frequency of the LLC resonant tank, soft-SWITCHING operation of all semiconductors, i.e., zero voltage SWITCHING (ZVS) turn-on of power MOSFETs and zero current SWITCHING (ZCS) turn-off of diodes is achieved. This leads to lower electromagnetic interference (EMI) and lower SWITCHING losses and improves the converter efficiency. An interleaved structure is used at the primary side. Thus, input current ripple is smaller, and its frequency is twice the SWITCHING frequency. Consequently, a smaller input filter is necessary in practice. The converter with 1.2 kW output power and 760 V regulated output voltage with 80-200 V input voltage variations is simulated. The output voltage is regulated by using asymmetric pulse width modulation (APWM) at 200 kHz SWITCHING frequency. Finally, a 700-W prototype has been implemented and experimental results are also presented to verify the simulation results.