At present, electric vehicles (EVs) are increasingly recognized as a viable alternative to conventional internal combustion engine vehicles, primarily due to their superior environmental sustainability, particularly regarding carbon emissions, and their cost-effectiveness attributed to lower energy consumption. Consequently, the market share of electric vehicles has witnessed substantial growth in recent years, which has in turn heightened the demand for charging infrastructure. Conversely, the rising number of electric vehicles necessitating recharging-especially during peak demand periods-poses challenges such as prolonged waiting times at public charging stations and increased strain on the power distribution network. To address these issues and enhance network efficiency, the concept of Mobile Charging Stations (MCS) has emerged, offering flexible charging solutions in terms of both time and location. This paper introduces an innovative approach for the allocation and deployment of MCSs in areas with high demand, aimed at alleviating the burden on public charging stations. A mathematical model grounded in the Location-or-Routing Problem (LoRP) has been formulated, employing various truck-based and van-based mobile charging stations to collaboratively service demand points near public charging facilities. This strategy seeks to attain various achievements, including the reduction of network load and waiting times at charging stations while simultaneously expanding coverage to improve customer satisfaction. Based on conducted experiments, a comprehensive evaluation and analysis of the proposed model demonstrate that the LoRP significantly outperforms traditional models in terms of both coverage and cost efficiency.

This paper proposes a Fuzzy Multiple Criteria Decision Making (FMCDM) approach for measuring supply chains capability with the main aim of customer satisfaction development. Drawing on the four measurement criterions of a Supply Chain Operations Reference (SCOR) model, this research first summarized the customer satisfaction and performance indexes synthesized from the literature relating to supply chains capability. Then, for screening, the indexes fit for supply chains capability in customer satisfaction development were selected through fuzzy screening. Furthermore, the relative weights of the chosen indexes were calculated by Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP). The MCDM analytical tool of TOPSIS was adopted to rank the supply chains performance and improve the gaps with three supply chains as an empirical example. The analysis results highlighted the critical aspects of evaluation criteria as well as the gaps to improve supply chains capability for achieving the aspired/desired level of customer satisfaction development. The results also showed that the proposed FMCDM measuring model using the SCOR framework can be a useful and effective assessment tool.

In this article we describe a design process of a manipulator that is designed for complete Servicing of a date palm. The feasibility of using this manipulator and determining the optimum position of its cameras as well as the number of cameras to be mounted on the equipment were also investigated. The manipulator was equipped with several cameras for monitoring the operations utilizing a ground-based operator. The operator monitors the manipulator and the end-effector on the display and navigates it using a joystick. In order to build the manipulator, a systematic deign method was utilized. Total length of the manipulator was 100 cm. Four electric motors provide the dynamic force of the manipulator to transport the end effectors to the desired positions for conducting horticultural operations. To investigate the performance of the manipulator, 9 different camera setups and 4 different manipulator distances from the target, were analyzed at 5 replication levels, through a statistical factorial experiment design (4х9). The experiments results showed that the remotely controlled manipulator is efficient in conducting horticultural operations. On the other hand, different camera setups showed significantly different results. The tests also indicated that to obtain the shortest reaching time, three cameras must be installed on the manipulator. The average time for reaching the target from a 100-cm distance was calculated 20. 8 seconds.

Heavy metals in soils are of great environmental concern, in order to determine heavy metal content in the surface soil from the vicinity of an abundant railway Servicing workshop and evaluate the contamination levels, 40 surface soil samples were collected and analyzed for Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb, Fe and Ni contents using atomic absorption spectroscopy. Soil texture, conductivity, pH, total organic content and cation exchange capacity were also measured. Heavy metals concentrations were determined after digestion of samples with aqua regia. In the investigated soils, the mean recorded concentrations of the heavy metals were 7.21 mg/kg f ff or Cu, 0.033 mg/kg for Ni, 0.087 mg/kg for Cd, 48.52 mg/kg for Fe, 7.33 mg/kg for Zn and 26.66 mg/kg for Pb. The reported results indicate that the enrichment factors of the measured heavy metals were 2.26, >0.1, 0.39 and 3.47 for copper, nickel, zinc and lead respectively. I-geo (geoaccumulation index) values of the metals in the soils under study indicate that they are uncontaminated to slightly contaminate with nickel and iron but highly contaminated with copper and lead.

The present article attempts to examine the developmental level of Marivan villages based on standardized and functional models (second type). First, Marivan County has been introduced, and then, human indices of Marivan villages have been presented. Marivan central district, as a case study, has been ranked 2nd and 1st of all districts based on standardized models and functional models (second type), respectively. Besides, it has been ranked 1st based on both models as far as population index is concerned. In order for results to be obtained, 19 cases of population, literacy, employment, housing, educational, cultural, religious, political and administrative indices as well as infrastructure including water, electricity and gas, healthcare, communication and commerce services were analyzed. It proves obvious that such field analytical knowledge will certainly be beneficialto rural planners as far as local development is concerned. This article is based on the researcher's thesis entitled "a survey of the capability of 3 economic factors of agriculture, industry and tourism regarding sustainable development and planning of rural areas in Marivan, A case study: central district of Marivan.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of internal marketing on the quality of service delivery to provide solutions to improve the number of services offered in hotels. The present study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey method. The findings of the present study indicate the confirmation of all research hypotheses. The output of HLM 7 software showed multilevel relationships of research variables; the effect of the mediating variable on the Sobel test and its severity was measured by the VIF coefficient. A specific mission is to provide them with an appropriate role model and promote a culture of risk-taking, emphasizing employees' feelings and paying attention to their wants and needs to improve the quality of service provided by employees. Introduction: Tourism is defined as one of the most important economic sectors that play an important role in developing a country (Juang and Fuang, 2019). Tourism is one of the largest industries generating billions of dollars in revenue and creating thousands of jobs. Tourism is one of the top 5 sources of export revenue in more than 150 countries and the number one source of exports in 60 countries. The United Nations World Tourism Organization predicts that the number of international tourism visits will almost double from 2009 to 2018, from 880 million to 1. 6 billion by 2020 (Yusuf and Ali, 2019). According to the World Tourism Organization and UNESCO statistics, Iran can be among the top ten countries in the world in terms of international tourist arrivals. Given Iran's small share of this industry, it is clear that the tourism industry has not been able to play its role as a factor of economic development. The development of the tourism industry is of great importance for developing countries, which face problems such as high unemployment, limited resource resources, and a single-product economy (Funk & Love, 2016). Comparison of tourism figures and revenues from them in Iran with global statistics provided by the World Tourism Organization shows that our country has not found its proper share and position in the tourism industry (Safaeipour et al., 2015). It seems that inefficient management, especially poor marketing and lack of appropriate advertising to introduce attractions and also lack of services tailored to the needs of tourists using modern methods and technologies is one of the most important reasons for the underdevelopment of tourism in Iran. Therefore, the need to review policies and apply new techniques and technologies in tourism management for the revival and prosperity of tourism in Iran seems necessary (Safaeipour et al., 2015). This study was conducted to remove some limitations in previous studies. While other studies have measured the impact of internal marketing activities on customers' attitudes and their employees, little research has been done on the effects of internal marketing at the organizational level in the hotel industry. Materials and Methods: The method of this research is development-applied research in terms of purpose. The research design in this research is descriptive correlational research. It is descriptive in that it provides a picture of the current situation and is a correlation because it examines the relationship between the variables in the model. The present study is a survey, and the data collection tool in this study was a questionnaire. In this study, the statistical population of this study consists of customers and staff of reception units, cash registers, ceremonies and food and beverage, housekeeping, and security and arrangements of four and five-star hotels in Tehran, which number 14 hotels. And their staff is estimated at approximately 900 people. For determining the sample size, due to the unknown number of community members and variance, 268 questionnaires were distributed among the sample members in a stratified-random manner using Cochran's formula. The confidence level is 95%, and 5% error is assumed. According to the sample size, 280 questionnaires were distributed. 271 questionnaires were returned, and of which 3 questionnaires were discarded due to information deficiencies, and 268 questionnaires were used. According to Morgan's table, 95 questionnaires were needed in average for almost 300 customers per hotel, which was distributed to ensure about 100 questionnaires per hotel. The studied hotels include 4 and 5-star hotels in Tehran. Discussion and Results: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of internal marketing on service quality by considering the mediating role of organizational commitment and job satisfaction in the hotel industry. As the results showed that the set of relationships considered by obtaining the appropriate significance coefficients could be similar to the research conducted in line with the present study, so did another confirmation of the importance of paying attention to internal marketing and its implementation in organizations in The hotel industry. Multilevel Analysis of the impact of internal marketing on the quality of staff services is one of the topics studied in this study due to its importance in organizations. The multilevel approach as an emerging paradigm and method can consider organizational phenomena as multilevel and simultaneously analyze the effect of the studied phenomenon at a higher level and the impact of higher-level factors in the studied phenomenon. 4-and 5-star hotels In this study, multilevel Analysis of internal marketing on service quality with commitment and job satisfaction were examined. After analyzing the data, it was found that using the concept of internal marketing and its related components (vision, development, and reward) can have positive results such as improving the quality of service provided in the hotel, improving employee satisfaction, and organizational commitment. Have them with you.

Today companies' websites and electronic pages are the most important port to supply updated services, operations and company products to their people also to the whole world, and that included knowledge and information contents are effective for companies' growth, development and success. In this study, 4 main Iranian Oil Industry websites (NIOC, NIORDC, NIGC, NPC) have been investigated in order to determine each website's pros and cons regarding their deterministic role in the national economy and society.Of the major results from this study are lack of uniform and certain communication among companies' strategy and purposes and the goals which have to be fundamental for these websites' design and performance.

Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs), as popular organizations, because of the more mentally and practically independence, can be as the best references to defend people against social, cultural, economical and political rights and can help to edit the governmental developing programs with presentation of needed feedbacks at policies and programs and also contributed at policy changes and be as an important sponsors and helpers in social changes and popular society. The purpose of this research is consideration of the roles and positions of Servicing-marketing mix elements in absorbing the financial and human resources and also cooperating and operating common projects with governmental organizations and international agencies. This study is a descriptive research in order to have an answer to the main question. A questionnaire has been used to gather the needed data. Data has been analyses by SPSS's software. For analyzing of gathered data, deductive and descriptive statistical ways were used. Findings of the research indicate a positive relationship between all independent variables with the absorbing the financial and human resources and cooperating and operating common projects with governmental organizations and international agencies. Today, NGOs need marketing techniques and academic principals for developing and achieving to their own goals.