Introduction: Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy (JME) is a generalized epileptic syndrome. Age of onset is usually between 12 to 18 years. JME consists of myoclonic jerks, generalized tonic-clonic seizures (GTCs) and typical absence attacks. EEG shows characteristic changes in JME. Long Term video-electroencephalography monitoring (VEM) is a helpful diagnostic procedure in the diagnosis of patient with unclear history or EEG findings. In the current study, we aimed to evaluate the role of VEM in diagnosis of refractory epileptic patients.Materials and Methods: This study is retrospective and descriptive on patients of Epilepsy Monitoring Unit of Razavi Hospital, Mashhad, Iran between March 2011 and March 2012. Telephone interview was scheduled 6-18 months after discharge to evaluate results of VEM on the frequency of seizures, the therapeutic regimes and patients’ quality of life.Results: 24 cases with diagnosis of JME were chosen among 250 patients who were admitted with refractory epilepsy. Fourteen of them were female. The average age of patients was 24 years old and the average duration of the seizure attacks was 12.97 years. The mean frequency of GTCs was 2.76 attacks per month and after VEM and proper treatment, it decreased to 0.27 attacks per month.Conclusion: VEM is a helpful diagnostic procedure for evaluating of refractory JME epileptic patients.

One of the important issues in the production of concrete is environmental variability that affects the concrete and elements constructed from this material. Due to the importance of different characteristics of concrete in short- and long-Term conditions, this article aims to investigate the influence of initial temperature conditions of self-compacting concrete on its long-Term characteristics and deTermine the initial optimal temperature of concrete. For these purposes, several experiments under three temperature conditions of 5, 20, and 40 degree-of-Celsius were conducted to evaluate the rheology and mechanical properties of fresh concrete in the range of 7 and 28 days. In these experiments, alternative mineral admixtures of cement such as micro-silica, fly ash, and zeolite were used to build the concrete specimens. Results demonstrate that the mechanical properties of the specimens increase with increasing initial temperature in the short Term, while such properties significantly decrease in the long Term compared to the specimens constructed under lower initial temperature. Moreover, the fluidity of self-compacting concrete increases with increasing initial temperature.

Background & Aims: Using magnesium sulfate might prevent the seizure, it could lead to poisoning in the patient. The present study aims at evaluating the side effects of maternal magnesium sulfate consumption in pre-eclampsia on Term and late-preTerm neonates. Materials & Methods: This is a retrospective descriptive analytical study. One hundred Term (group 1) and 100 late-preTerm neonates (group 2) that were born in Shahid Motahari hospital of Urmia University of Medical Sciences from mothers with pre-eclampsia who had received magnesium sulfate, and as the control group, 100 neonates from mothers with pre-eclampsia who had not received magnesium sulfate (group 3) entered the study with easy and available sampling. Results: The mean duration of sulfate uptake in the first group was 8. 96± 9. 80 days and in the second group was 27. 66± 15. 23 days and this difference was significant (p = 0. 035). In the first group, 94 infants (94%), in the second group, 21 infants (21%), and in the third group, 64 infants (64%) did not need breathing support, which showed a significant difference between the groups (p <0. 001). The first and fifth minute Apgar scores were significantly lower in the second group than in the first group and control, but this difference was not significant (p >0. 05). Conclusion: The findings of the present study depicted that magnesium sulfate administered for preeclampsia does not lead to neonates’ hypotonia, more admission days in the ward or NICU, and low Apgar scores.

Background & Aims: The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the changes in chest CT scans of COVID-19 patients 3-6 months after discharge. Materials & Methods: The current study is a descriptive-analytical one that was conducted in a cross-sectional manner. Samples from patients with COVID-19 were randomly selected, and the necessary information was extracted from the patients' files. Then, the findings of CT scans were reviewed upon admission and 3-6 months after discharge. The data was analyzed using SPSS 23 software. Results: 101 patients were investigated, with 60 of them being women and 41 being men. The samples were aged from 20 to 89 years, with an average age of 10.55 ± 14.347. In the CT scans, 65 had GGO appearance, 12 had Consolidation, 3 had Fibrosis, 2 had Crazy Paving, and 2 had Interstitial Thickening. In the CT scans 3-6 months after discharge, 33 had GGO views, 20 had Consolidation, 17 had Fibrosis, 3 had Crazy Paving, and 9 had Interstitial Thickening. Conclusion: The findings showed that GGO and Consolidation were more prevalent than other findings, while these findings were reduced in the follow-up CT scans of the patients. Fibrosis and Interstitial Thickening were also increased in the CT scans 3-6 months after discharge compared to the first CT scans, and the GGO view was significantly reduced in people with underlying disease in the follow-up CT scans. Fibrosis and Interstitial Thickening were significantly increased in patients with underlying disease in the follow-up CT scans. Interstitial Thickening was also more common in men than women in the follow-up CT scans. Crazy Paving and Fibrosis were more prevalent in older age groups. Consolidation was also higher in patients with diabetes and hypertension in the second CT scans. Additionally, fibrosis was more prevalent in patients with high blood pressure. The appearance of Interstitial Thickening was significantly higher in diabetic patients.

Background: Attentions have recently been paid to the effects of contact with lead (Pb) and blood lead levels (BLL) on prenatal complications. Given the high prevalence of preTerm labor and its following neonatal complications, this study aimed to evaluate the BLL in pregnant mothers and its relation with preTerm labor. Methods: Throughout a cross-sectional analytical descriptive study, 63 women with preTerm labor and 63 cases with Term labor participated. A blood sample was obtained from each mother by the same nurse and BLLs were compared between the two groups. Other collected data included mother’ s age and sex, and neonates’ head circumference, height, and weight. Findings: Newborns in Term and preTerm groups weighed 2009. 80 ± 70. 1 and 3239. 44 ± 35. 80 grams respectively; their mean height was 50. 46 ± 0. 10 and 44. 00 ± 0. 40 cm, and their mean head circumference was 34. 47 ± 0. 1 and 31. 49 ± 0. 30 cm, respectively. The mean BLL of mothers in Term and preTerm newborns was 2. 05 ± 0. 10 and 3. 01 ± 0. 1 μ g/dl, respectively (P = 0. 04). Conclusion: BLL in mothers with preTerm labor was significantly higher than in mothers with preTerm labor.

Studying Iran's foreign policy is one of the most interesting topics among the people and the academic community. This behavior is not specific to Iranians and can, also, be seen among other foreign researchers concerning Iran's foreign policy. Luciano Zaccara is one of the authors who has surpassed her counterparts in addressing this issue and has edited a book on the “Foreign Policy of Iran under President Hassan Rouhani’s First Term”. The lack of translation of the book into Persian encouraged the author to introduce the work and critique it in Terms of content and form. What makes the book prominent is the participation of some well-known authors in writing the chapters, addressing some areas that have received less attention in Iranian research, such as relations with Africa and the pathology of Hassan Rouhani's foreign policy. Lack of theoretical framework for the discussions, incoherence between the contents of the chapters, and ignoring the scientific neutrality by some authors of the book are among the weaknesses of the work.

Purpose: To compare the effects of short-Term and long-Term systemic corticosteroids in the treatment of confirmed ocular toxoplasmosis.Methods: This randomized comparative clinical trial was performed on 69 patients with confirmed active ocular toxoplasmosis with typical clinical manifestations. The subjects were randomly assigned to receive either 10 days (group A, 33 cases) or 4-6 weeks (group B, 36 cases) of systemic corticosteroids in addition to classic antibiotic therapy. All patients were visited and followed weekly until complete improvement of vision. Mean visual acuity, inflammatory cell countin the vitreous, lesion size and severity of the condition were compared between the two groups.Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the two group, regarding mean values of visual acuity in Log MAR (before; group A: 0.24±0.6, group B: 0.280±0.07, P=0.43 and after; group A: 0.11±0.08, group B: 0.06±0.07, P=0.09), vitreal inflammatory cell count (before; group A: 1.8±0.56, group B: 1.9±0.60, P=0.45 and after; group A: 1.5±0.65, group B: 1.5±0.5, p=0.94), and size of the lesions in disc diameter (before; group A: 0.94±0.37, group B: 1.03±0.37, P=0.49 and after; group A: 0.94±0.44, group B: 1.12±0.38, P=0.4).Conclusion: The study revealed that there is no significant difference between the effects of short Term and long-Term systemic corticosteroid therapy in the treatment of ocular toxoplasmosis. It is reasonable to perform an equivalence trial study on this issue.