According to Gibson's ‘ecological perception’ theory, the physical universe is made up of various areas each of which covers and hides the other one and it is only possible to perceive these areas at the time when one is obliged to move around in the environment. The author calls these areas “spatial areas” of the environment. Since no human movement is possible without the passing of time and, given the close relationship between time and place conceptions in modern science whereby time is regarded as the fourth dimension of 3- dimensional space, it is conceived that if one is still (i.e. not moving) but observes the passing of time one will understand different areas of environment that we call the “chronological areas” of an environment. A close relationship is perceived between the Jung UNCONSCIOUS and ‘chronological areas’ that have given great simulation to spatial areas. This research indicates that the UNCONSCIOUS has the ability of free movement in spatial and chronological areas. In this article, the author aims to explain the conceptions of spatial areas, ‘chronological areas’ and a combination of these using an experimental approach.

This paper explains Jacques Lacan's view about language and the UNCONSCIOUS. Lacan finds a resemblance between the function of the UNCONSCIOUS mind and the function of language. It means the relation between the Signified & the Signifier which is dominant in language system is the same in the UNCONSCIOUS. In other words, while using signifiers such as sounds and words and thereby creating meaning in the mind of the audience, the UNCONSCIOUS mind in contact with taste, smell of things and people or under the impression of images and past memories rises in our mind in the form of signifiers. From Lacan's view, it is clear that metaphorical and metonymic relation between words has the ability to dynamise man's UNCONSCIOUS. When a child is born he finds himself in a situation among his parents' inter-relations. From then on, the child is in a competitive position with his father to posses his mother. This child, in order to step into competition, should be present in the same symbolic system that his father has been before and use language as a tool to create "Dialogues". This article explains the formation of a "dialogue "with the existence of the language as an element and shows it as a symbolic system. A system which has been shaped in the child's mind and will place him in competition with his father to own the "mother".

This paper tries to study the question of whether the notion of collective UNCONSCIOUS as developed by Jung has any neural correlates. Also, the notion will be pinned down with respect to the realm of cognitive science as well as the interpretation of modern cognitive psychologists. For example, it will be shown that UNCONSCIOUS human emotions somehow are related to the long term memory which has genetic base in psychology and is based on the changes in genotype structure. With reference to the ideas projected by people such as Roederer, Panksepp, and McLennan, it will be clarified that why in natural dreams and imaginations, there are always fixed backgrounds, called archetypes by Jung. The claim, then, is that archetypes have to do with brain structure, neurons, and genetics of the brain structure.

Abstract: This article aims toَ draw the attention of researchers, educatorsand students to a form of self-deception known as "ethical fading".Ethical fading occurs when we UNCONSCIOUSly avoid or conceal the ethical consequences of a decision, allowing us to engage in unethical behaviors while maintaining the belief that we are good and ethical individuals. During the process of ethical fading, we often tend to justify our behaviors and believe that we have acted ethically, even if the reality is different. We rarely intend to do something wrong, but subtle and hidden cues lead us to disregard the ethical consequences of our decisions. This gradually leads to a weakening of adherence to ethics and ethical fading.

The UNCONSCIOUS is a means of understanding truths as it is in direct contact with the human nature; but the human reason and rationality is an obstacle to reaching the truth through UNCONSCIOUS. In some areas of human life, like sleep and dream, the UNCONSCIOUS manifests itself in a much better way than reason. Surrealists, like mystics, use the UNCONSCIOUS and believe that it is a means for discovering the truths. In spite of the differences, comparing surrealism and mysticism and showing how the surrealists and mystics regard the UNCONSCIOUS and use its possibilities for the knowing of the world is revealing.

The optimization of the stock portfolio and the allocation of wealth between the various assets are among the most important issues in investing. In this study, the problem of optimizing stock portfolios, considering the real world constraints and with the assumption that the return on risky assets of fuzzy numbers is composed. Then, a new probabilistic model of mean-semi absolute deviation was presented in which transaction cost and cardinality constraints were also considered. The existence of such constraints transforms the model into a mixed-integer non-linear programming model that traditional approaches fail to solve, for this purpose a new meta-heuristic algorithm called the UNCONSCIOUS Search Algorithm is used to solve the problem. UNCONSCIOUS Search algorithm is a new algorithm based on Freud's psychoanalysis theory. In order to investigate the power and accuracy of solving this algorithm, a case study was carried out with the information of 50 top Tehran Stock Exchanges for years 2012 to 2016. The results were compared with Particle Swarm Optimization and Genetic algorithms, which showed the superiority of this algorithm in the optimization problem of Stock portfolio.