Industrial development and extensive use of heavy metals have led to the problem of environmental pollution.Nickel compounds are toxic to plants and have detrimental effects on their growth. Valerian is a plant used in herbal medicine. Considering the hazards of nickel, various methods have been developed to remove this contaminant from herbs irrigation wastewater, including the common chemical precipitation and the novel electrocoagulation methods. An advantage of electrocoagulation is its high efficiency in removal of contaminants. In this study, nickel at a concentration of 500 mg/L in a synthetic wastewater was removed by chemical precipitation with Sodium hydroxide, lime, and sodium sulfide, as well as by electrocoagulation; the removal efficacy was 80.66%, 78.92%, 86.02 and 99.96, respectively. The pilot used for electrocoagulation was made of plexiglass with 10 metallic electrodes of 11×7×0.2 cm. Comparison of the results showed high efficiency of electrocoagulation. In these experiments, pH was considered about 6.

Background and objectives: Treatment with root extract of valerian can reduce anxiety neurosis symptoms. To investigate the related therapeutic impacts, bioinformatics analysis of proteome profile of rat’, s hippocampus tissue was carried out. Methods: Cytoscape V. 3. 9. 1, and its plug-ins were applied for the construction of protein-protein interaction network of the treated subjects. NetworkAnalyzer and ClueGO+CuePedia were used to study centrality and gene ontology of the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. Results: Results indicated that seven central proteins Actb, Alb, Akt1, Egfr, Tp53 as hub-bottlenecks and Th and H2afx as hub and bottleneck differentially expressed proteins DEPs are present in the PPI network and four corresponding biological processes. Among these seven proteins, two including tyrosine 3-monooxygenase (Th) and Histone H2A (H2afx) are differentially expressed proteins in the exposure of valerian. Conclusion: It was found that the histone H2A and tyrosine 3-monooxygenase as central nodes are the main targets of valerian which are associated with anti-anxiety effects of the herb.