The present study aimed to identify the phenomenon of academic vitality and its implementation strategies in universities. The field of study was academic experts in the field of educational sciences, educational management and organizational psychology, and twenty of them were selected by purposive sampling method and theoretical approach. Data collection and analysis methods included semi-structured interviews and three-step foundation data coding, respectively. The agreement coefficient of trust and validation of the findings was 0. 66, which indicates the reliability of the achievements of this study. According to the findings of this study, cheerfulness in the academic community is a state of positivity, satisfaction and intellectual flexibility; Which leads to double educational, research, executive activity and energy consumption as well as voluntary participation in achieving individual and organizational goals. Since dynamism is the external symbol of this vitality, academic vitality is associated with continuous movement and change in academic lifestyle. Strategies such as: members 'knowledge management based on organizational university model, psychological empowerment, architectural design of organizational growth structure as a combination and also introducing the capabilities of academics in accordance with their social responsibility, were among the organizational factors underlying academics' vitality. Which were identified and explained in this study.

Indicators for predicting the quality and VIGOR of fruit tree seedlings can be worthwhile if they are conveniently and visually assessable in various climatic regions. Since allometric relationships exist between plum seedling VIGOR index and morphological traits, this study evaluated morphological features in plum seedlings while determining their quality and VIGOR. The samples were of major commercial varieties from several regions of Iran, and the assessments followed path analysis and multiple linear regression. Plum seedlings of 8 commercial cultivars were harvested in three replicates from 11 nurseries in four provinces. Morphological indicators included seedling height, diameter above the graft line (DAGL) and at root-collar (RCD), root length, number of roots and branches, seedling VIGOR, dry weights of aerial parts and roots (ADW and RDW, respectively), and ratio of height to DAGL and seedling height to ADW. Simple correlations among these variables appeared diverse, and the correlation coefficients broke down into direct and indirect effects through path analysis, with VIGOR as the dependent variable. This variable increased with some of its components, including DAGL and dry weight. However, the ratio of height to DAGL decreased when the accumulated growing degree-days (AGDD) increased from 2700 to about 4500 °C per day in the various regions. Average VIGOR values of certified and uncertified seedlings were 11.7 and 19.2, respectively. Among the visually assessable traits in the nursery, DAGL showed a higher correlation with the VIGOR variable and other morphological features, thus making it the most important index for plum seedling evaluation.

In order to determine the best seed VIGOR test in laboratory which may provide high correlation between alfalfa seedling stablishment in the field, two experiments were conducted in field as well as in laboratory. Four alfalfa cultivars Bami, Ghareyonjeh, Hamadani and Yazdi were used. Different seed VIGOR tests including standard germination, germination in low temperature (50C), germination rate, osmotic stress, accelerated ageing and electrical conductivity tests were laid out in a randomized completely design (RCD) with four replications in laboratory experiment. The second experiment was carried out in a randomized completely block design (RCBD) and each treatment replicated four times. Results revealed significant differences p£0.01) among different cultivars for establishment percentage and rate. Results also showed that there were significant correlations between electrical conductivity test and establishment percentage (r= -0.65, p £ 0.01) as well as establishment rate (r= -0.80, p £0.01). Correlation coefficients for rate and emergence percentage were significant and positive (r= 0.91, p £0.01).Stepwise method disclosed that the regression model (y=165.23 - 0.15 x, r2 =0.64), (p£0.01) for predicting rate of emergence could be recommended. In this model x (dependent variable) is value of electrical conductivity and y (independent variable) is rate of emergence.

To evaluate the effects of different treatments on seed dormancy breaking of Notobasis, two separate experiments were conducted at Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, in 2017 with three replications. The first experiment included nine physical, mechanical and chemical treatments (control, surface scarification, intense scarification, one and two weeks of chilling at 4°C, soaking into hot water for two hours without scarification , soaking in 25°C distilled water for two hours with scarification  and acid treatment for six and 12 minutes) based on completely randomized designs (CRD). The Second experiment was hormone priming arranged as a factorial experiment based on completely randomized design with gibberellin concentrations (0, 200, 400, 600, 800 and 1000 ppm) and priming duration (12 and 24 hour) as the treatments. The highest seed germination (40%) obtained from 12 minutes of acid treatment. Results showed that seed germination reached to 100% after priming seeds with GA3 concentrations for 12 hours. However, increase the priming durations to 24 hours, significantly declined seed germination to 47% in 200 and 400 ppm of GA3 concentrations. The Increase of GA3 concentrations in 12 hours led to a linear reduction of T50 from 31 hours in 200 ppm to 19 hours in 1000 ppm). In 24 hours of priming treatment, T50 followed a Gaussian function and the highest T50 (92 hours) was obtained from 600 ppm. It is recommended to immerse the seeds for 12 minutes in sulfuric acid and prime with 400 ppm GA3 acid for 12 hours to break dormancy and increase the VIGOR index.

Crop canopies development (in the terms of dry matter and leaf area index) at the early growth season is exponential, before canopy closure, in which seedling growth rate is limited by leaf area and light reception. Varieties with high early VIGOR and relative growth rate are able to pass faster this early growth phase. Thus, the present study was investigated early growth differences among canola cultivars. This experiment was conducted on the 9 canola cultivars with 3 replications. Results indicated that there were some differences in early VIGOR and relative growth rate among cultivars. Option (cv.) had lower seedling dry weight, leaf number, leaf area and plant height, whereas, it had more leaf expansion rate and seedling growth rate. Peace (cv.) had a high leaf development rate as well as the maximum leaf number. PF and excel were kept higher seedling dry weight at all harvests. Cluster analysis indicated that it is possible to grouping the cultivars. It was concluded that it is possible to use genotype differences to improve early VIGOR in canola.

Background: One of the main causes of infertility in women through their breeding ages is known as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The involvement of nitric oxide (NO) in the syndrome has been shown. In this research we sought the role of NO in the PCOS by activating of the enzyme responsible for the NO producing using L-arginine, a precursor of NO.Materials and Methods: Animals were female Wistar rats (weighing 200-220 g) kept under standard conditions. The estrous cycle was studied using Papanicolaou test. The animals showing the proestrous phases were grouped into the experimental and the control. The experimental groups were intra-peritoneally injected L-arginine (50-200 mg/kg) through a period ranging from 9 to14 days/once a day. Control groups soley received saline (1 ml/kg, ip) through the all experiments. At the end of the work all the animals' ovaries were collected in 10% formalin for histopathological and histochemical investigation. The activation of the NO synthase in the experiments was studied using NADPH-diaphorase technique.Results: The L-arginine treated rats' ovaries showed the polycystic formations in comparison with those of the controls at a significant level. The enzyme activation was shown in the sections belonging to the experimental groups in difference with the controls providing the molecular evidence to support the data.Conclusion: PCOS is now categorized in the inflammatory phenomena. NO is considered as a pro-inflammatory agent due which the cystic formation may appeare in the animals. This research may propose an impact of NO in PCOS.

Due to growth of peanut seeds inside the soil, determination of proper time for planting and harvesting has special importance. For determination of proper time of maturity with high VIGOR and yield, an experiment was conducted in two crop years in complete block design in research station of Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources (GUASNR). In first and second year the study was performed in five and two planting dates respectively. The Sampling repeats weekly when seed developed in pods and were transferred immediately to the laboratory. Seed germination and moisture content was determined and electrical conductivity test was measured after drying the seeds. Results showed that seed moisture content in final stage, germination percentage, electrical conductivity, seeds filling rate, seed filling period and seedling VIGOR were significantly affected by planting date. Seeds which planted early had lower moisture content in harvest time and higher germination percentage than seeds which planted late. Different sowing date significantly affected seed yield in the first year, while in the second year delay sowing had no significant effect on total seed yield. Reduce seed filling period in late planting date of first year and facing this period with the end of season rainfall led to significant decrease in seed VIGOR and quality. Although the data obtained in this study examine just one cultivar in one location and two years, but results suggested between weather parameters, temperature and rainfall during seed filling period had significant effects on peanut seed VIGOR and yield. So adjusting planting date according to location weather condition could results high quality and VIGOR seeds in harvest time.