Resistance is one of the fundamental Quranic values in the cause of the development of the Islamic society and the formation of the Islamic civilization, which means standing and resisting against something has upset the balance in internal and external dimensions. The formation of this value in the society as one of the methods of the conventional model of human life in the fields of human life; So that its manifestation can be observed in the totality of social behaviors, it is called the culture of resistance (Problem statement). The purpose of this article is the achievement of the engineering process of this value in a society based on the growth-oriented thought (ideological) system of the Holy Quran (Purpose). Now the question is what process does the Holy Quran propose in order to engineer the culture of resistance in the society? (Question). The necessity of examining this issue is clear considering the emphasis of religious teachings on this value and the need for Islamic societies, especially considering the current conditions of Islam and the need for convergence and coordination between the resistance front (Necessity). The research method in stating the engineering process and its components is qualitative content analysis with an analogy approach (Method). The findings of the research show that the engineering process of resistance culture is based on a self-awareness and purposefulness, according to the idea of Quranic growth, in a three-stage process that leads to the happiness of man and human society (Conclusion).

In this paper, I address the issue of the possible applicability of the ideas of Karl R. Popper’s social and political philosophy in the contemporary political life of postcolonial countries. Through reference to the reception of Popper’s philosophy in Central and Eastern Europe, I argue that Popper’s writings were effective in catalysing the political wholesale transformation by undermining Marxists’ pretensions to scientific status rather than through his anti-utopian and anti-revolutionary political recommendations. In the context of attempts to apply Popper’s ideas in postcolonial countries, especially Sub-Saharan Africa, I claim that the influence of Popper’s social thought on the politics of those countries may not be as effective as expected or desired.

It is less than 20 years that the concept of chemical product engineering and chemical product engineer is introduced by chemical engineers. The concept is introduced by US universities and followed by the EU universities afterward. They have introduced the chemical product engineering course at BSc and MSc levels. It is in some universities taught as a project at graduate level to the students. To master the chemical product engineering the new knowledge of bio and nanosciences are essential. The strategy for making product engineering structural consists of 4 stages which are named; The need, ideas, selections and manufacture. The production of specialty products takes place in a batch process. That is due to a low amount of production and the need for a change of products. Even though production specialty products have the risk of market rejection, but the initial profit justifies the risk. It is found unfortunate that the same trend is not followed in Iran's universities.

In this article, the role of chemical engineering in human health applications is mentioned first, with a particular focus on (bio)medical engineering. Then, the historical background of this role at the beginning of chemical engineers’ activities in this field will be examined with emphasis on important issues. In the following, the future horizons of chemical engineering in several important fields of application in medicine, such as biomaterials, drug delivery systems, and tissue engineering, are explained briefly. Then, the importance of applying chemical engineering principles in the link between chemical engineering and tissue engineering/clinical medicine (translational medicine) is intensively expressed. Finally, how the lessons related to (bio)medical engineering emerged in the chemical engineering educational program and its development until today, including the master’s program of chemical-biomedical engineering in Iran, and a short conclusion will be presented at the end.

Mathematics and quantitative methods have been always used in accounting. By developing these methods and their applications in different knowledge related to finance, accounting related to these new methods have also experienced different changes. The cooperation between accountants, financial analyzers and mathematicians resulted to new methods in management accounting and evaluating business firms So we can introduce accounting engineering approach as" using the engineering and mathematical methods in accounting."In this article, the role of mathematics in accounting from beginning up to now, a brief introduction of some new methods in engineering mathematics and the amount of its usage in recent years was studied through historical method.The results show that, in recent years valuable researches have been done about using new engineering and mathematical approaches in accounting but there are the possibility of further development which can result to extend the new applications of mathematical methods in accounting and identifying the new models which can perform better in special occasions of decision making.

The complexity of modern engineering projects, driven by the integration of multiple disciplines and the demand for higher system reliability, necessitates advanced methodologies beyond traditional document-based systems engineering. Model-Based Systems engineering (MBSE) has emerged as a crucial methodology, leveraging domain models to manage the intricacies of complex engineering systems. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of MBSE, tracing its historical development, key concepts, and theoretical frameworks. It contrasts MBSE with traditional systems engineering, highlighting its superiority in managing complexity through enhanced traceability, validation, and early detection of design flaws. The application of MBSE across industries such as aerospace, automotive, and defense is examined, with a focus on case studies demonstrating its success and the challenges encountered. Emerging trends, including the integration of artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things, and digital twins, are explored, revealing the potential for these technologies to further enhance MBSE practices. Despite its strengths, MBSE faces challenges related to scalability, integration with other engineering disciplines, and the need for more robust validation methods. The review concludes with recommendations for practitioners and researchers, emphasizing the importance of continued innovation and education in MBSE to address these challenges and ensure its relevance in future complex engineering projects.

In this research, an engineered process with a new approach to change control is presented and implemented on a complex space product. This approach involves using design constraint levels in a combination of two design structure matrix (DSM) structures and a systematic process for controlling changes. The system process includes the use of the system change evaluation code, how to create the transfer model, and the management evaluation of the requested change. While using similar existing methods in the literature, this paper provides a systematic approach to apply the knowledge of the designers of a space project to guide change control of large engineering projects, including managerial change control decisions and how to identify the best path for the change control process. Finally, a space orbiter has been selected for a brief implementation of a case study. The comparative results show the benefit of the proposed approach.