In assessing the power system, the most important issue is the system behavior when the system is affected by a disturbance. In some plants in case a small event, oscillations are created that are not easily damped and this lack of damping causes the power plant shut down. So, conditions should be set such that the power plant damps the oscillations as soon as possible and returns it to the stable conditions. In this paper, microcontroller-based power system stabilizer (PSS) is designed that increases the single machine dynamic stability of the power system connected to an infinite bus by improving damping in the low frequency oscillation. The system stability is investigated by the eigenvalues and the results of dynamic simulations are provided in the time domain. Programmable interface controllers (PIC) have been used in designing digital PSS,then the continuous time domain PSS is converted to discrete time domain PSS and finally it is implemented on the microcontroller chip.

Background and Objectives: In general, traditional salt farmers determine the time to harvest salt by visiting and monitoring their salt ponds. Therefore, to assist salt farmers in determining the right time to harvest salt and determine the quality of the harvested salt, a wireless-based electronic device is needed that can monitor the salt content and viscosity of the brine.Methods: An electronic device that is made to measure salt content (salinity) with a conductivity sensor and to measure fluid viscosity using a data processing method from sensor readings which is first converted to digital data with a program on the microcontroller. To find out whether the brine is ready to be harvested or not, the data obtained in the form of conductivity and stress are converted into percentages of NaCl and degrees of Baume. Then the data is sent to the ESP8266 wifi module to be stored in a database and displayed on the Web.Results: The results of the data obtained are based on testing in salt ponds for young water but it has been quite a long time the results have approached old water of around 64% and 14o Be. The results of the old water test that had just been moved to the last reservoir were close to harvest time of around 94% and 21o Be. If it has reached 25o Be then it is enough to be moved to the crystallization site. To determine the harvest period based on two parameters, namely the salt content and the viscosity of the liquid is 86-90% and the viscosity of the liquid is 20-24o Be. If you have reached both of these parameters, the salt can be harvested in about 7-10 days to make the water crystallize.Conclusion: Equipment Indicators for determining salt harvest time based on salinity and liquid viscosity using a microcontroller that has been made have been successfully used to determine salt harvest time properly. The salt quality of this indicator tool is the salt content including the K-3 quality or the lowest quality of the 3 existing qualities.

Automatic Meter Reading (AMR) is the remote collection of consumption data from customer’s utility meters over telecommunications, radio, power line and other links. AMR provides water, electric and gas utility-service companies the opportunities to streamline metering, billing and collection activities, increase operational efficiency and improve customer service. Utility company uses technologies that were developed several decades ago with the majority of the meters being read visually. With manual readings, considerable time is used to physically check out each unit. AMR becomes a viable option to overcome this problem of time wastage to obtain the meter readings. There are many different forms of communication links that can be utilized as the communication medium in an AMR system. One such link is the power line carrier or PLC. The advantages of using the PLC as the communication medium are readily apparent since the power line network is the property of the utility company and its infrastructure is already there. However, power lines are never meant for communication and creates much noise and therefore, various modifications has to be made to make the PLC suitable to be the AMR communication channel. The AMR system consists of three major components: the meter interface module, communications system, and data concentrator. This paper details a feasibility study on the creation of a robust bi-directional/two-way communication system between an electricity meter and a distant control unit (data concentrator) over the low voltage (LV) distribution grid. Basic functions of the AMR system include the provision for remote connection and disconnection of meter and fraud detection features at both the meter interface and the data concentrator. As a support system to the entire AMR, batteries are utilized. They are especially important in the cases of power failures. Lithium-ion batteries are the type of batteries that are used as these batteries tend to last longer than most other batteries. The main advantage of this system is that it is a low cost system that produces very encouraging results and it can be implemented upon existing electro-mechanical meters without the need of purchasing new meters. With many existing meters being the electro-mechanical meters, the need for a high-cost, large-scale implementation of new electronic device meters to enable implementation of the AMR system is unnecessary. The cost of implementation is low and the benefits, especially economically, that it brings to the utility company are immense.

In this paper, photovoltaic (PV) grid-connected inverter which is the core device in PV grid-connected system has been in depth research. An improved predictive current controller has been developed by the Authors for single-phase grid-connected voltage source inverters (VSI). Based on DSP TMS320LF2407A, a 10 kW single-phase grid-connected inverter has been built in this paper. Thus is aimed at use in distributed generation. Because of the powerful real time processing ability of the DSP, the output power factor of the PV inverter connected with grid can be controlled to unity. The composition of main circuit and control loop is described in detail and the operating principle of each functional block is analyzed deeply. The experiment results show that the improved predictive controller has a superior performance. The single-phase grid-connected VSI implemented with the proposed predictive controller has shown very low current THD in laboratory test.