This article aims to provide an overview of the concepts of symbols in the carpets of two ancient civilizations: Iran and China. Carpets, as some of the oldest human artifacts, symbolize the culture and art of these regions and have historically played a significant role in the daily lives of their people. The weaving of carpets in Iran and China has achieved great diversity and expansion, influenced by historical and cultural interactions, particularly through the Silk Road. This study reviews existing literature to examine the mutual influences of the two civilizations in the design and weaving of carpets, as well as the meanings of the symbols within them. The symbols found in Iranian and Chinese carpets reflect the beliefs, values, and cultural histories of these nations. Among the shared symbols, the lion and dragon stand out, each carrying specific meanings in their respective cultures. Additionally, floral motifs, such as flowers, convey deeper significance related to beauty and fertility in the carpets of both civilizations. Due to the lack of comprehensive studies in this area, this research contributes to enriching knowledge in the field of symbolism and comparative studies, providing valuable insights for researchers, artists, and enthusiasts of the history and culture of these two regions.