سال:1399 | دوره: | شماره: |تعداد مقالات:9

Objective: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic illness and adherence to medications is vital to manage the illness. The purpose of this study was to examine the prediction of medication adherence based on personality factors in a group of individuals with type 2 diabetes in Yasuj. Materials and Methods: One hundred twenty individuals with type 2 diabetes who visited health centers were selected for this study through convenience sampling. The participants completed the NEO-Five Factor Inventory and Medication Adherence Rating Scale (MARS). The data were analyzed by mean, standard deviation, and multiple regression analysis using SPSS software. Results: The results showed that among the big-five personality factors, only neuroticisms significantly predicted adherence to medications (β =-0. 31, P-value< 0. 003). Furthermore, the model explained only 19% of the variance in medication adherence (R2= 0. 19, P-value< 0. 01). Conclusion: This study indicated that a large proportion of patients with type 2 diabetes did not adhere to their medications. This study highlighted that the personality trait of neuroticism was important in predicting medication adherence in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Objective: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder associated with impaired serum skeletal muscle pain enzymes levels. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 8 weeks aerobic training with and without vitamin C consumption on serum levels of Creatine Kinase (CK) in type 2 diabetic patients (T2DM). Materials and Methods: In this clinical trial 45 women (30-45 years) with T2DM were randomly assigned into one of these 3 groups: aerobic training (3 sessions a week for 45 minutes), aerobic training with 250 mg/day vitamin C supplementation and control (without exercise and vitamin C). Fasting serum levels of CK were measured before and 24 hours after the last exercise session. The results were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics (analysis of variance, LSD post hoc test, dependent T test for hypothesis testing) by SPSS19 software. Results: Aerobic training as well as aerobic training plus vitamin C reduced significantly concentrations of CK compared to the control (P-value= 0. 037, P-value= 0. 017) respectively. However, There were no significant differences in CK levels between intervention groups (P-value= 0. 899). Conclusion: This study showed that aerobic exercise with or without vitamin C supplementation is effective in reducing CK levels in T2DM. So, in order to reduce at least one of the markers of muscle damage (CK), aerobic exercises are recommended in T2DM, in the absence of contraindications.

Objective: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and diabetes mellitus can influence coronary artery disease (CAD) independently. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and CAD in type 2 diabetic patients (T2DM). Materials and Methods: This cross sectional study evaluated 3624 T2DM patients with clinical presentation of CAD whose documents were registered in angiography center of Shahid Mohammadi Hospital in Bandar Abbas, Iran during 18 months. GFR was measured by MDRD method and divided into 5 subgroups: GFR< 15, 15≤ GFR< 30, 30≤ GFR< 60, 60≤ GFR< 90 and GFR≥ 90. Then the association of 5 subgroups of GFR with coronary angioplasty in T2DM patients was evaluated. T-test was used to compare the mean of quantitative variables, and chi-squared test for qualitative variables. Using SPSS-22 the collected data were analyzed and P-value< 0. 05 was significant. Results: Among 3624 T2DM patients, 36% had GFR< 60 (ml/min/1. 73m2). The highest frequency percentage of coronary angioplasty (53%) was observed in the GFR stage 3 (30-60) ml/min/1. 73m2. A significant inverse association was observed between the GFR of T2DM patients and the frequency of CAD. (Pvalue< 0. 001). There was also a significant association between GFR< 60 and history of hypertension and dyslipidemia. (P-value< 0. 001). Conclusion: A reduced GFR in patients with diabetes has associations with CAD.

Objective: The risk of cardiovascular disease increased in diabetic patients due to lipoprotein metabolism disorder and insulin resistance. There is different type of dyslipidemia in diabetic patient. The nicotinic acid (niacin) is categorized as vitamin B family and decreases low-density lipoproteins (LDL) and triglyceride (TG) level and increases high-density lipoproteins (HDL). The aim of this study was to compare the effect of niacin treatment with and without atorvastatin on lipid profile on diabetic patient. Materials and Methods: This study is cross over clinical trial on 30 diabetic patients (9 men, 21women) referred to diabetes research center of Yazd (IRAN). At initiation of study administered atorvastatin alone (20 mg/day) for 6 weeks (protocol A), and after 3 weeks washout period, started atorvastatin (20 mg/day) with niacin (50 mg/day) for 6 weeks (protocol B). Statistical analysis was accomplished by using SPSS for windows, version 11. 50 and kappa and paired T-test. Results: Patients on protocol B had statistically significant more increase of HDL-C (P-value= 0. 08) and decrease of TG than profile A (P-value= 0. 024). Also, 2 hours post prandial blood sugar and HbA1c changes in two groups were not significant A (P-value= 0. 226), B (P-value= 0. 918). Patient in group B had statistically significant decrease in systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure than group A (P-value= 0. 010, P-value= 0. 015). Conclusion: This study showed decrease of TG, LDL-C and total cholesterol and increase of HDL in both groups. There are significant changes in HDL-C and TG in group B that used niacin with atorvastatin than group A.

Objective: Apolipoprotein B (APOB) plays an important role in the metabolism of cholesterol and impairment in its function can lead to cholesterol accumulation in the pancreatic islets. It can then reduce insulin secretion and lead to Type 2 diabetes (T2DM). The purpose of this study was to investigate the association of 3'APOBVNTR polymorphism with plasma lipid profiles in T2DM individuals in Khorasan Razavi province, Iran. Materials and Methods: In this case-control study, 204 patients with T2DM and 207 non-diabetic volunteers were examined as a control group. All samples were analyzed for plasma lipid profiles. Genotypes were determined by PCR and electrophoresis. Differences in lipid variables between genotypes were assessed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with SPSS 20. 0. Results: We found 18 different alleles of the APOB gene 3'VNTR comprising from 26 to 45 hypervariable elements (HVEs) in the control groups and 21 alleles ranging from 30 to 51 repeats in the T2DM patients. Short alleles (26 to 29 HVEs) were only in controls and large alleles (46 to 51 HVEs) were only in T2DM patients. Our results showed that in people with long HVE polymorphism, HDL-C levels decreased, but LDL-C increased. Therefore, longer alleles for T2DM are considered risk factors. It was also observed that the TC / HDL-C ratio was significantly lower in shorter genotypes than the longer genotypes in T2DM patients. Conclusion: It is concluded that 3'APOB-VNTR polymorphisms, especially longer alleles, affect plasma lipid levels in individuals with T2DM and are risk factors for this disease.

Objective: Diabetes mellitus is a multifactorial metabolic disorder that affects multiple organs of the body, one of the most important of which is chronic kidney disease. Early diagnosis of this disease is suggested as an important strategy to reduce the complications of the disease worldwide. Since the measurement of salivary creatinine and glucose is an easy and noninvasive method, the aim of this study was to evaluate the serum and salivary levels of creatinine and glucose for screening of diabetes and kidney disease. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 50 seemingly healthy individuals referred to the Department of Oral Medicine of the Faculty of Dentistry. Serum and salivary creatinine levels were measured in these individuals. Data (mean + standard deviation) were presented for variables. Data were analyzed by SPSS 19 software. Pearson correlation coefficient was used to determine the correlation between serum and salivary levels of creatinine and glucose. P-values less than 0. 05 were considered significant. Results: The mean salivary and serum creatinine levels was reported to be 0. 27 (+ 0. 29) and 0. 90 (+0. 12) mg/dl, respectively. Also, the mean salivary and serum glucose levels were reported to be 3. 1 (+ 0. 7) and 88. 92 (+6. 16) mg/dl, respectively. The results of Pearson correlation test showed no significant correlation between serum and salivary glucose and cratinine. Conclusion: The use of non-invasive diagnostic methods such as saliva is of great value. The study found no association between serum and salivary creatinine and glucose in seemingly healthy subjects.

Objective: Psoriasis is an inflammatory disease of the skin and the joints. Psoriatic patients sometimes suffer from vitamin D deficiency and hypocalcemia. The aim of our study was to evaluate the level of calcium and vitamin D in patients with psoriasis. Materials and Methods: In this analytical cross sectional study, 110 cases of psoriasis that were referred to Shohadaye Mehrab clinic during 2015 and 110 non-psoriatic patients enrolled. Serum levels of calcium, phosphorus, parathyroid hormone (PTH), alkaline phosphatase (ALK) and 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 [(25OH) D3] were measured in both groups. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 19. Chi square test and T-test were used for statistical analysis. Results: Among110 patients with psoriasis 74 (67. 3%) were men and 36 (32. 75%) were women. There was no significant difference in the serum level of calcium (P-value: 0. 563), phosphorus (P-value: 0. 381), PTH (P-value: 0. 364) and ALK (P-value: 0. 639) between two groups. Vitamin D deficiency was found in 64. 5% of psoriatic patients and 60% of the controls (P-value= 0. 45); However 30. 9% of psoriatic and 17. 3% of the controls suffered from severe hypovitaminosis D. This difference was statistically significant (Pvalue= 0. 014). Conclusion: We found a significant relationship between severe hypovitaminosis D and psoriasis. This finding revealed the need for evaluation of psoriatic patients for the presence of vitamin D deficiency.

Objective: The beneficial effects of exercise and ginger extract have been reported to improve obesity-related indicators. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of aerobic training and ginger extract on lipid profiles, body composition and selected liver enzymes in obese menopausal women. Materials and Methods: In this semi-experimental trial, 48 obese menopause women (age; 53-58 yr) were randomly divided into 4 groups including control, ginger extract, aerobic training and aerobic training-ginger extract. Aerobic training was performed 3 sessions a week, 60 minutes, with 50-70% maximum heart rate and for 24 weeks. The subjects consumed ginger extract three times a day in 500 mg capsule for 24 weeks. For analyzing the data, twoway ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc test was used with SPSS– 23 and the significance level was P-value≤ 0. 05. Results: The results showed that 12 and 24 weeks of training, ginger and ginger-training significantly decreased ALT and AST in obese menopausal women (P-value= 0. 001). Also, 12-and 24-weeks’ ginger-training resulted to improve of body composition and lipid profile in obese menopausal women (P-value= 0. 001). Conclusion: According to the findings, regular aerobic training and ginger supplementation have a beneficial effect on body composition and improvement of some liver enzymes and lipid profiles in obese menopausal women. These changes were higher in the Ginger-training group after six months of intervention.

The incidence and prevalence of diabetes mellitus and its complications are increasing. Like other complications, most of the diabetes patients have gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms but in majority of cases GI complications are under diagnosed and not treated properly, resulting in impairment of the quality of daily life. GI system including liver and pancreas are involved in diabetes mellitus. These GI complications of diabetes mellitus need proper diagnosis and treatment to get a quality of life and clinician needs clinical suspicion to identify and proper knowledge to treat.