علوم پیراپزشکی و توانبخشی مشهد
سال:1401 | دوره: | شماره: |تعداد مقالات:2

Purpose: To compare the intraocular pressure (IOP) measured with the Goldmann tonometer as the current standard of clinics with five different tonometers in healthy people, and to investigate the effect of corneal thickness and biomechanical properties on measurements. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, IOP was measured in 94 eyes of 94 healthy subjects with the Goldmann, manual applanation resonance, Icare, Topcon non-contact, Ocular Response Analyzer and Corvis’, s tonometers. Comparison of the IOPs measured with different techniques was done using the repeated measures analysis of variance while the central corneal thickness as a covariate. The Bland-Altman plots and intraclass correlation coefficients were used to assess the agreement between the measurements. Limits of agreement were determined as the mean difference ±, 1. 96 SD. Regression analysis was used to estimate the effect of central corneal thickness, corneal hysteresis, and corneal resistance factor on IOPs obtained using different tonometers. Results: The lowest mean IOP was obtained with the Goldmann tonometer (13. 1 ±,2. 6 mmHg) and the highest with the Topcon non-contact tonometer (17. 3 ±,2. 5 mm Hg). There was a statistically significant difference between the pressure measured by Goldmann's tonometer and other tonometers. The mean IOP measured using Icare (14. 6 ±,3. 4 mmHg) demonstrated the smallest mean difference and the highest agreement with the Goldmannn tonometer results. Central corneal thickness significantly affected all IOPs except the cornea-compensated IOP (IOPcc). The highest influence of IOP on the corneal resistance factor was related to Topcon non-contact tonometer and Goldmann correlated IOP (IOPg), while the lowest was seen with IOPcc and Goldmann. Conclusions: The Icare tonometer had the highest agreement among the different tonometers with the Goldmann tonometer. The central thickness of the cornea affects the results of all tonometers except IOPcc. Among the two evaluated corneal biomechanical parameters, the corneal resistance factor was the only biomechanical parameter effective on IOPs measured with all devices.

Purpose: Water immersion built a new environment in which weightlessness puts unknown demand on somatosensory system such as altered sensory integration due to the improper proprioception afferent. This condition can lead to an imprecise function of human postural balance system. But studies focused on the short-term effects of water immersion instead of truly long-term adaptations. So, the aim of this study was to investigate if chronic exposure to microgravity environment can lead to balance deficits and furthermore, to assess potential differences between two types of diving which is breath-hold and SCUBA. Method: 11 breath-hold divers (BHD), 13 scuba divers (both types of divers must have diving experience for at least 4 years) and 22 non-divers (ND), without any history of recent injuries or history that affects balance control, recent were undergone Functional reach test (FRT) as well as Y balance test (YBT). Results: There were no meaningful differences among experimental groups in limited of stability (p=0. 860) and all groups were highly stable in FRT. But in other research criteria, BHD group were significantly had a better ability to maintain their balance during YBT task (p=0. 004), while that SCUBA group found to have a poor ability in this matter versus BHD (p=0. 001) and ND (p=0. 001) groups. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that BHD and SCUBA divers have a normal ability in order to do functional reach tasks, but by increasing movement demands, SCUBA divers have been faced with balance difficulty more than BHD divers. Hence, according to the obvious difference between BHD and SCUBA divers, along with showing a meaningful difference by ND group, it seems that adding balance training to the routine BHD and SCUBA divers’,program, should be beneficial in order to improve their balance ability.