مطالعات تاریخ پزشکی (journal of research on history of medicine)
سال:1396 | دوره:6 | شماره:4 |تعداد مقالات:6

Asclepiades of Bithynia (2nd half of the first century to the 1st half of the second century BC) was a physician and a philosopher who was influenced a lot by Epicurus (341 – 270 BC); however, he managed to form his own medical theory. Very helpful to understand the medical theory of Asclepiades of Bithynia is the Latin translation of Soranus of Ephesus (2nd half of the first century to 1st half of the second century AD) work on acute and on chronic diseases by Caelius Aurelianus (5th century AD). Asclepiades of Bithynia medical theory was applied to the interpretation of many different diseases, in which the physician combined the principles of Methodic School which was about the stretching and narrowing of pores, with those of humoral pathology and the principals of Pneumatic School.

Opium was one of the drugs in the medieval history of Persia which has been used in medical affairs. By commercialization of poppy in Qajar dynasty with the permeation of the colonial policies, the material was conveyed to India and thence to China as a center of consumption. By enhancing the demand in India, the cultivation of poppy in Persia increased. The circumstances accompanied by a strenuous drought let to the breakout of famine in Persia which inflicted a lot of casualties. In 1907, new arrangement partly altered the previous sphere when constitutional revelation took place. In China, after the second opium war in 1842, Britain could dominate over the economic arteries and escalated Chinese dependency. However, by the production of opium in Bengal and many other cities of China, importing of poppy from Persia confronted an unexpected depression but the uprising of Boxers against British ambitions changed dependency situation. This paper sets out to portray the transaction and treatment of Persian and Chinese societies against the imposed policies.

Dear Editor, This letter is an attempt to revisit oral pathology in Hidayat of Akhawayni based on a modern approach. Akhawayni had described oral pathology in two chapters in Persian literature; the first chapter deals with dental pain and the other with buccal pain. 1 Akhawayni classified toothache as inflammatory and noninflammmatory variants...