طب سنتی اسلام و ایران
سال:1401 | دوره: | شماره: |تعداد مقالات:2

Background and Purpose: Use of anesthetics is one of the main elements of surgery by eliminating the feeling of pain and reaction to painful factors. Due to lower toxicity compared with chemical drugs, herbal medicines can be used to reduce undesirable side effects of these drugs. Persian medicine literature has mentioned use of poppy seed oil to relieve headaches and insomnia in humans. The aim of this study was to investigate the topical effect of poppy seed oil on anesthesia parameters such as analgesic, hypnotic and muscle relaxant properties in New Zealand white rabbits. Materials and Methods: Twenty-five New Zealand white rabbits were evaluated in 5 groups of 5 (one control group and four experimental groups). The control group was anesthetized only by intramuscular injection of Ketamine and Xylazine. Experimental group 1 received 3 drops of poppy seed oil in one ear one hour before anesthesia, experimental group 2 received 10 drops of oil on the inner skin of long cartilage of one ear two hours before anesthesia, experimental group 3 received 3 drops of oil in both ears one hour before anesthesia, and group 4 received 10 drops of oil on the inner skin of the long cartilage of both ears two hours before anesthesia. Results: In analysis of variance (ANOVA), the anesthesia duration in experimental groups 1, 3 and 4 was significantly equal. In experimental groups 1 and 3, the mean analgesia duration and deep anesthesia duration were significantly increased compared with the control group. In none of the groups were changes in vital signs worrying, and all were within the approved range during rabbit anesthesia. Conclusion: Topical application of poppy seed oil in New Zealand white rabbits lead to hypnosis, analgesia and deep anesthesia with muscle relaxant property and had anesthetic and hypnotic effects.

Background and Purpose: A wide range of various diseases including auto-immune and autoinflammatory illnesses are associated with inflammatory processes. Most metabolic, cardiovascular, neurological, and gastrointestinal disorders, as well as osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, rheumatism, gout and various cancers have an inflammatory nature. Use corticosteroid anti-inflammatory drugs is accompanied by extensive serious side effects. This research was performed considering that swellings mentioned in Persian Medicine (PM) sources are very similar to inflammation in classical medicine in terms of clinical symptoms, and that natural anti-inflammatory drugs usually have less side effects compared with synthetic drugs. Materials and Methods: This research is a review study of valuable PM sources including Al-Qanun fi al-Tibb, Al-Mansouri fi al-Tibb, Makhzan al-Adwiya, Makhazin al-Ta'lī, m, Tazkirat al-Ilaj, Tuhfat ul-Momineen. Medicinal substances recommended for inflammations and swellings were identified and categorized. For more accuracy, scientific names of these medicinal substances were matched with contemporary botanical references. To confirm the pharmacological activities of these drugs, valuable electronic sources such as PubMed, Science Direct, and Scopus were queried. Results: This research yielded 150 medicinal substances that were categorized by their effects on inflammations and swellings. The anti-inflammatory mechanisms of these substances are similar to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (usually prostaglandin inhibition), anti-inflammatory pathways of glucocorticoids, or combinational anti-inflammatory effects mechanism due to production of secondary metabolites. Conclusion: Some of the medicinal substances found in this study have specific effects on a disease, while others ameliorate inflammations and swellings via systemic effects. Contemporary research (in vitro and in vivo) confirm the anti-inflammatory effects of some of these drugs, but more studies are needed to prepare these substances as acceptable drug forms.